Yemen

Languages

Arabic, Egyptian Spoken arz

Scattered. Users: 15,900 in Yemen (2020). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Arabic, Gulf Spoken afb

Widespread. Users: 15,900 in Yemen (2020). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Arabic, Hadrami Spoken ayh

Hadramawt and Shabwah governorates. Users: 5,100,000 in Yemen (2020). Total users in all countries: 5,113,000. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Hadhrami Arabic, Hadrami, Hadromi, Ḥaḍrami Arabic Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Arabic, Judeo-Yemeni jye

‘Adan, Al Bayda’, Sanaa and Shabwah governorates: mainly urban communities; Shabwah governorate (Habban dialect). Users: 300 in Yemen (2010 J. Berer). Total users in all countries: 37,570. Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Judeo-Yemeni, Yemenite Judeo-Arabic, Yeminite Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Arabic, Mesopotamian Spoken acm

Users: 39,700 in Yemen (2020). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Arabic, North Levantine Spoken apc

Users: 22,300 in Yemen (2020). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Arabic, Omani Spoken acx

Scattered. Users: 156,000 in Yemen (2020). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Arabic, Sanaani Spoken ayn

Widespread; central areas: Amanat al Asimah and Sanaa governorates; outer areas: western Al Bayda’, Al Jawf, Al Mahwit, Amran, central and eastern Dhamar, eastern Hajjah, Ma’rib, and Sa’dah governorates. Users: 12,300,000 in Yemen (2020). Total users in all countries: 12,567,960. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). De facto language of provincial identity in North Yemen. Alternate Names: Northern Yemeni Arabic Autonym: يمني‎ (Yamani) Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Arabic, Standard arb

Widespread. Users: 17,700,000 in Yemen (2015 SIL), all users. Status: 1 (National). Statutory national language (1991, Constitution, Article 2). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Arabic, Sudanese Spoken apd

Users: 391,000 in Yemen (2020). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Arabic, Ta’izzi-Adeni Spoken acq

Widespread. Users: 10,800,000 in Yemen (2020). Total users in all countries: 11,821,100. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). De facto language of provincial identity in South Yemen. Alternate Names: Southern Yemeni Spoken Arabic Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Bathari bhm

Al Mahrah governorate. Status: 8b (Nearly extinct). Alternate Names: Bathara, Bautahari, Botahari Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South, South Arabian

English eng

Scattered. Users: 2,714,400 in Yemen, all users. L1 users: 14,400 in Yemen (2021 Joshua Project), based on ethnicity. L2 users: 2,700,000 (Ramaswami et al 2012). Status: 4 (Educational). Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, English

Hindi hin

Scattered. Users: 316,000 in Yemen (2020 Joshua Project), based on ethnicity. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Western Hindi, Hindustani

Hobyót hoh

Al Mahrah governorate: near Oman border. Users: 400 in Yemen (Simeone-Senelle 2010). Total users in all countries: 500. Status: 8a (Moribund). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South, South Arabian

Malay zlm

Users: 44,500 in Yemen (2020). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayo-Chamic, Malayic, Malay

Mehri gdq

Al Mahrah governorate. Users: 92,300 in Yemen (2020). Total users in all countries: 228,900. Status: 7 (Shifting). Alternate Names: Mahri Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South, South Arabian

Persian, Iranian pes

Users: 22,300 in Yemen (2020). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian

Rāziḥī rzh

Sa‘dah governorate: Rāziḥ district; Jabal Rāziḥ massif region, numerous small settlements. Users: 62,900 (2004 census). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Jabal Razih, Rāziḥīt, S-samrit, Samrah Rāziḥīt, Samrit Rāziḥ Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central

Somali som

Mainly camps near Aden. Users: 461,000 in Yemen (2020). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali

Soqotri sqt

Amanat al Asimah governorate: ’Abd al-Kuri, Darsah, Samha, and Soqotra islands in the Gulf of Aden. Users: 111,000 (2020). Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Saqatri, Socotri, Sokotri, South Arabian, Suqutri Autonym: méthel d-saqátri Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South, South Arabian