aar ISO 639
Qafar af Autonyms
Afar
Visualizations
A language of Ethiopia
- ISO 639
- aar
- Alternate Names
- Adal, Afaraf, Affar, Affarigna, Qafar, Qafaraf, ʿAfár af, “Danakil” (pej.), “Denkel” (pej.)
- Autonym
- Qafar af
- Population
- 1,862,800 in Ethiopia, all users. L1 users: 1,840,000 in Ethiopia (2018). L2 users: 22,800. 906,000 monolinguals (1994 census). Total users in all countries: 2,563,800 (as L1: 2,541,000; as L2: 22,800).
- Location
- Afar, Amhara, and Somali regions: eastern lowlands.
- Language Maps
- Djibouti, Eritrea and Ethiopia
- Language Status
- 2 (Provincial). De facto language of provincial identity in Afar Region.
- Classification
- Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Saho-Afar
- Dialects
- Northern Afar, Central Afar, Aussa, Baadu (Ba’adu). Related to Saho [ssy].
- Typology
- SOV; 17 consonants and 10 vowels (5 short and 5 long).
- Language Use
- Also use Ta’izzi-Adeni Spoken Arabic [acq] (Bender 1971). Used as L2 by Argobba [agj].
- Language Development
- Literacy rate in L2: 3%. Literature. Radio. Videos. Dictionary. Grammar. Texts. Bible: 2013.
- Writing
- Ethiopic script [Ethi], used in Ethiopia. Latin script [Latn], used since 1840, primary usage.
- Other Comments
- Called ‘Danakil’ in Arabic and by others, but that is considered offensive by the Afar. Called Adal in Amharic. Nomadic. Muslim.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Afar
Also Spoken in
- Location
- Ali Sabieh region: southwest of regional capital; Arta region: southwest of Ghoubet Kharab; Dikhil, Obock, and Tadjoura regions; Red Sea coast.
- Language Status
- 5 (Dispersed)
- Language Development
- Literacy rate in L2: Below 1%.
- Other Comments
- Called ‘Danakil’ by others, but this is considered offensive. Nomadic. Muslim. View other languages of Djibouti
Language Name
Afar
User Population
196,000 in Djibouti (2018). Ethnic population: 335,000 (2017).
- Location
- Northern Red Sea and Southern Red Sea regions.
- Dialects
- Central Afar, Northern Afar, Aussa, Ba’adu.
- Language Status
- 4 (Educational)
- Language Use
- Home, journalism, local administration. Used by all. Positive attitudes. Also use Arabic [ara]. Used as L2 by Dahalik [dlk], Saho [ssy].
- Language Development
- Literacy rate in L2: 8%. Taught in primary schools.
- Other Comments
- Nomadic. Muslim. View other languages of Eritrea
Language Name
Afar
User Population
505,000 in Eritrea (2020), increasing.
