acf ISO 639
Kwéyòl Autonyms
Lesser Antillean French Creole
Visualizations
A language of Saint Lucia
- ISO 639
- acf
- Alternate Names
- Créole, French Creole, French-lexicon Creole, French-lexified Creole, Patois, Patwa
- Autonym
- Kwéyòl
- Population
- 131,000 in Saint Lucia (2016). Total users in all countries: 702,353.
- Location
- Widespread.
- Language Maps
- Creole Languages of the Eastern Caribbean
- Language Status
- 5* (Developing). De facto language of national identity.
- Classification
- Creole, French based
- Dialects
- Grenadian French Creole, Saint Lucian French Creole. Not intelligible with standard French [fra]. All French creoles of the Caribbean are somewhat mutually inherently intelligible (Goodman 1964). Dominica dialect is virtually the same as Saint Lucia (97%–99% intelligibility).
- Language Use
- In French-influenced islands nearly all speak Creole as L1, although also a local variety of standard French [fra]. In English influence areas, Creole has less standing, and speakers have a low literacy rate. All domains. Also use English [eng]. Also use French [fra].
- Language Development
- Literacy rate in L2: 36%. Literature. Newspapers. Radio. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1999.
- Writing
- Latin script [Latn].
- Other Comments
- Christian.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Lesser Antillean French Creole
Also Spoken in
- Location
- Widespread.
- Language Status
- 6b (Threatened)
- Language Use
- Parents are not encouraging children to speak the language, especially in the town areas (2017 T. Young). Some young people, all adults. Younger speakers shifting to English [eng]. Negative attitudes. Most also use English [eng], especially youth. Also use French [fra], understood by up to 10% of the population (Adler 1977).
- Other Comments
- Loanwords from Island Carib [car] and Arawak [arw]. Christian. View other languages of Dominica
Language Name
Lesser Antillean French Creole
User Population
56,000 in Dominica (2021 Joshua Project), based on ethnicity.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of France
Language Name
Lesser Antillean French Creole
User Population
150,000 in France (2015 J. Leclerc).
- Location
- Carriacou department: Carriacou island; Grenada island: northeast St. Andrew, St. Mark north of Victoria, and St. Patrick parishes. Scattered, mainly rural.
- Dialects
- Grenadian Creole French.
- Language Status
- 8b (Nearly extinct)
- Language Use
- Most speakers reported learning this as a second language as children in order to communicate with monolingual grandparents. Few domains. Elderly only. No speakers under the age of 60 in Grenada. All speakers in Carriacou were over the age of 50. A few individuals under age 50 in Carriacou could produce a few phrases or expressions (Ferreira and Holbrook 2001). Shifted to Grenadian English Creole [gcl].
- Other Comments
- The same as, or similar to, that spoken in Saint Lucia (Alleyne n.d.). Christian. View other languages of Grenada
Language Name
Lesser Antillean French Creole
User Population
3 in Grenada (Ferreira and Holbrook 2001), decreasing.
- Location
- Widespread.
- Dialects
- Martiniquan French Creole (Martinican Creole).
- Language Status
- 6a (Vigorous)
- Other Comments
- There is a continuum of variation from basilectal Creole to acrolectal French of the educated. View other languages of Martinique
Language Name
Lesser Antillean French Creole
User Population
361,000 in Martinique (2019).
- Location
- Trinidad: Diego Martin municipality, peninsular coastal settlements north of the capital.
- Dialects
- Trinidadian French Creole.
- Language Status
- 5 (Developing)
- Language Use
- Used by all.
- Language Development
- Literacy, using Saint Lucian materials, taught to teachers and other adults in Paramin.
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Trinidad and Tobago
Language Name
Lesser Antillean French Creole
User Population
4,100 in Trinidad and Tobago (2020 Joshua Project), based on ethnicity.
