gju ISO 639
گوجری (Gojri) Autonyms
Gujari
Visualizations
A language of India
- ISO 639
- gju
- Alternate Names
- Gogri, Gojari, Gojri, Gujar, Gujer, Gujjari, Gujuri, Gurjar, Hindki, Kashmir Gujuri, Parimu, Rajasthani Gujuri
- Autonym
- گوجری (Gojri)
- Population
- 1,290,000 in India (2011 census). Ethnic population: 1,600,000 (2002). In Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Punjab, Delhi. Total users in all countries: 1,696,000.
- Location
- Jammu and Kashmir state: Anantnag district, Doru, Kukernag, and Pahalgam sub-districts; Baramulla district, Uri sub-district; Ganderbal district, Kangan sub-district; Kulgam district; Kupwara district, Handwara, Karnah, and Kupwara sub-districts; Pulwama district, Tral sub-district; Shopian district.
- Language Maps
- India, Map 1, Northern Pakistan, Southern Pakistan
- Language Status
- 5* (Developing).
- Classification
- Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Western, Rajasthani, Unclassified
- Dialects
- Ajiri of Hazara. Poonchi [phr] may be understood by others and form the basis for a standard dialect. In Pakistan, Eastern Gujari appears more similar to Northern Hindko [hno] or Pahari-Potwari [phr]. Western Gujari appear to understand the Eastern dialect better than vice versa. Comparison with India varieties is needed. Lexical similarity: 60% between Uttar Pradesh and Pakistan, 76% with Poonchi. A member of macrolanguage Rajasthani [raj].
- Language Use
- In general, Hindu agriculturalists have not retained Gujari language and culture, whereas Muslim Gujari have. Gujars outside Jammu-Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh do not speak Gujari, but regional languages. All domains. Positive attitudes. Also use Dogri [dgo]. Also use English [eng]. Also use Garhwali [gbm]. Also use Hindi [hin]. Also use Jaunsari [jns]. Also use Kashmiri [kas]. Also use Kullu Pahari [kfx]. Also use Kumaoni [kfy]. Also use Urdu [urd].
- Language Development
- Literacy rate in L2: 5%–15%. Literature. Periodicals. Radio. TV. Dictionary. Grammar. Texts.
- Writing
- Arabic script, Naskh variant [Arab]. Arabic script, Nastaliq variant [Aran], primary usage. Devanagari script [Deva], plans for future development using this script.
- Other Comments
- Muslim, Hindu.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Gujari
Also Spoken in
- Location
- Scattered. Nomadic, traveling in summer in eastern valleys.
- Language Status
- 6a (Vigorous)
- Language Use
- Used by all.
- Language Development
- Literacy rate in L2: Below 5%.
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. Muslim. View other languages of Afghanistan
Language Name
Gujari
User Population
15,000 in Afghanistan (2015).
- Location
- Azad Kashmir province: widespread north; Gilgit Baltistan province: Diamer district, Gilgit; Khyber Pakhtunkwa province: east Hazara district, Kaghan valley, scattered in south Chitral district, Dir Kohistan and Swat Kohistan; Punjab province: Rawalpindi district; Islamabad.
- Dialects
- Western Gujari, Eastern Gujari. Lexical similarity: 39% with Mankiyali [nlm].
- Language Status
- 5 (Developing)
- Language Use
- Most Gujars in Pakistani Punjab may have shifted to Punjabi [pnb]. Spoken in some pockets of Punjab by immigrants from elsewhere. Used as L2 by Dari [prs].
- Language Development
- Taught as subject in primary schools, in 25 schools.
- Other Comments
- Some move seasonally with herds. Muslim. View other languages of Pakistan
Language Name
Gujari
User Population
391,000 in Pakistan (2018).
