hac ISO 639
Gurani
Visualizations
A language of Iran
- ISO 639
- hac
- Alternate Names
- Avromani, Awroman, Awromani, Gorani, Hawramani, Hawrami, Hewrami, Hourami, Howrami, Ourami
- Population
- 180,000 in Iran (Paul 2007). Population provisionally estimated to be two-thirds of the 300,000 speakers in Iran and Iraq (2007 L. Paul). Total users in all countries: 300,000.
- Location
- Kermanshah province; Kordestan province: Iraq border area, Hewraman.
- Language Maps
- Language Status
- 6b (Threatened).
- Classification
- Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Northwestern, Zaza-Gorani
- Dialects
- Hawraman i Luhon, Hawraman i Taxt, Kandula, Gurani (Gorani), Bewyani, Gawrajuyi, Zardayana. Zaza-Gurani group includes Southern Zazaki [diq] (Zaza) (Turkey), and Gurani [hac], Bajelani [bjm] (Bajalani), Shabak [sdb], and Sarli [sdf] (Iraq); Hawrami [hac] (Iran).
- Language Use
- Some young people, all adults. Most also use Central Kurdish [ckb]. Most also use Iranian Persian [pes]. Also use Southern Kurdish [sdh].
- Language Development
- Literature. Grammar. Texts.
- Writing
- Arabic script, Naskh variant [Arab]. Arabic script, Nastaliq variant [Aran], used in Iran.
- Other Comments
- Muslim, Ahl-e Haqq.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Gurani
Also Spoken in
- Location
- As Sulaymaniyah: Halabja governorate east of Sulaymaniyah, Topzawa near Tawuq, pockets from Khanaqin to Mosul.
- Dialects
- Kakai (Kakkai), Zengana.
- Language Status
- 6b (Threatened)
- Language Use
- Some young people, all adults. Positive attitudes. Most also use Central Kurdish [ckb]. Some also use North Mesopotamian Spoken Arabic [ayp].
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. Very old literary tradition since A.D. 1300s. Muslim, Ahl-e Haqq. View other languages of Iraq
Language Name
Macho
User Population
120,000 in Iraq (Paul 2007). Population provisionally estimated to be one-third of the 300,000 speakers in Iran and Iraq (2007 L. Paul).
