hye ISO 639
հայերեն (Hayeren) Autonyms
Armenian
Visualizations
A language of Armenia
- ISO 639
- hye
- Alternate Names
- Armjanski Yazyk, Eastern Armenian, Ena, Ermeni Dili, Ermenice, Haieren, Somkhuri
- Autonym
- հայերեն (Hayeren)
- Population
- 2,960,000 in Armenia (2013 UNSD). Total users in all countries: 3,849,000.
- Location
- Widespread.
- Language Maps
- Armenia, Azerbaijan
- Language Status
- 1 (National). Statutory national language (1995, Constitution, Article 12).
- Classification
- Indo-European, Armenian
- Dialects
- Erevan (Eriwan), Karabagh (Karabakh), Khvoy-Salmst (Choi-Salmst), North Komedia, Ashkharik. Eastern Armenian (4,341,000) in Armenia and its Turkish and Iranian borderlands; Western Armenian (879,612) used elsewhere and only understood by some in Iran. In Syria, people in Kessaberen (northeastern mountain village of Kessab) and Musa Dagh village (now relocated to Lebanon) speak related varieties which other Western Armenian speakers do not understand. Most Kessaberen users now learn Western Armenian. Western Armenian (Turkey) and Ararat (Russian Federation) are easily intelligible.
- Typology
- SVO; both prepositions and postpositions; noun head final; indefinite article affix; case-marking (7 cases); verb affixes mark person, number; passives; tense; causatives; comparatives; 30 consonant and 7 vowel phonemes; non-tonal; stress on final syllable.
- Language Use
- Used by all. Also use Russian [rus].
- Language Development
- Taught in all primary and secondary schools, becoming the primary language of instruction in 1990. Fully developed. Bible: 1666–2017.
- Writing
- Armenian script [Armn], primary usage. Braille script [Brai].
- Other Comments
- Christian.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Armenian
Also Spoken in
- Location
- Agdam, Cabrayil, Fuzuli, Kalbacar, Lachin, Qubadli, Susa, Tartar, Xocali, Xocavand, and Zangilan districts.
- Dialects
- Agulis, Julfa (Dschugha, Dschulfa, Dzhulfa), Karabagh (Karabakh), Shamakhi (Schamachi).
- Language Status
- 7 (Shifting)
- Language Use
- Shifting to Azerbaijani [aze]. Used as L2 by Udi [udi].
- Other Comments
- Christian. View other languages of Azerbaijan
Language Name
Armenian
User Population
120,000 in Azerbaijan (2011 UNSD).
- Location
- Ardebil, East Azerbaijan, and West Azerbaijan provinces; Ahar, Isfahan, Khoi, Shahpur, Shiraz, Tabriz, and Tehran areas.
- Dialects
- Agulis, Astrakhân, Jolfâ (Dzhulfa), Karabagh Shamakhi, Khoi-Salmst (Khvoy), Urmia-Maragheh (Urmia-Maragha).
- Language Status
- 4 (Educational)
- Language Use
- Vigorous. Home, church. Used by all. Also use Iranian Persian [pes]. Also use South Azerbaijani [azb].
- Language Development
- Literacy rate in L2: 80%. Taught in primary schools in Armenian communities, for some subjects (reading, writing, history, literature, and religion, but not for math and science).
- Other Comments
- Christian. View other languages of Iran
Language Name
Armenian
User Population
108,000 in Iran (2019).
- Location
- Dagestan republic.
- Dialects
- Astrakhan (Astrachan).
- Language Status
- 5 (Dispersed)
- Language Use
- 91% of the ethnic group in Russia spoke it as L1 (1979 census).
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Russian Federation
Language Name
Armenian
User Population
661,000 in Russian Federation (2010 census). Ethnic population: 1,180,000 (2010 census).
