kea ISO 639

Kabuverdianu, Kriol Autonyms

Kabuverdianu

  • Geography

    CV Widespread.
  • Language Cloud

A language of Cape Verde Islands

kea
Caboverdiano, Cape Verdean Creole, Criol, Crioulo, Krioulu
Kabuverdianu, Kriol
492,000 in Cape Verde Islands, all users. L1 users: 478,000 in Cape Verde Islands (2010 census), increasing. L2 users: 14,000 (2010 census). 74,000 monolinguals (2010 census). Ethnic population: 1,000,000 (2010 Gabinete de Migração Cabo-verdiana). Total users in all countries: 1,193,930 (as L1: 1,179,930; as L2: 14,000).
Widespread.
Cape Verde, Mauritius and Reunion, Sao Tome & Principe
1 (National). Statutory national language (2010, Constitution, Article 9(2-3)).
Creole, Portuguese based
Kabuverdianu di Santiagu (“Badiu” (pej.), Caboverdiano de Santiago, Kriol di Santiagu), Kabuverdianu di Brava (Caboverdiano de Brava, Kriol di Brava), Kabuverdianu di Fogu (Caboverdiano de Fogo, Kriol di Fogu), Kabuverdianu di Sonsente (Caboverdiano de São Vicente, Kriol di Sonsente, “Sanpadjudu” (pej.)), Kabuverdianu di Maiu (Caboverdiano de Maio, Kriol di Maiu), Kabuverdianu di Sintanton (Caboverdiano de Santo Antão, Kriol di Sintanton), Kabuverdianu di Son Nikulau (Caboverdiano de São Nicolau, Kriol di Son Nikulau), Kabuverdianu di Sal (Caboverdiano de Sal, Kriol di Sal), Kabuverdianu di Buvista (Caboverdiano de Boa Vista, Kriol di Buvista).
Vigorous. All domains. Used by all. Positive attitudes. Most also use Portuguese [por], which is learned in school. Kabuverdianu [kea] coexists in constant contact with Portuguese [por], so decreolization is a concern that government academics and educators are constantly addressing in their Kabuverdianu development efforts (Veiga 1995).
Literacy rate in L2: 83%. Cape Verdeans who can read Portuguese [por] are able to read Kabuverdianu, with a little effort to adjust to a few differences between the Portuguese orthography and the official Kabuverdianu orthography. Taught as subject in tertiary schools. Literature. Newspapers. Periodicals. Radio. TV. Videos. Dictionary. Grammar. Texts. Bible portions: 2004–2013.
Latin script [Latn].
Christian.
OLAC resources in and about Kabuverdianu
Kabuverdianu
65,000 in Angola (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use Portuguese [por].
Non-indigenous.
View other languages of Angola
Kabuverdianu
14,000 in Argentina (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use Spanish [spa].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
4,000 in Brazil (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use Portuguese [por].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
4,000 in Canada (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use English [eng]. Many also use French [fra].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
2,100 in Switzerland (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use French [fra]. Many also use Swiss German [gsw].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
3,000 in Germany (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use Standard German [deu].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
3,100 in Spain (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use Spanish [spa].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
26,000 in France (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use French [fra].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
3,000 in Gabon (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use French [fra].
Non-indigenous.
View other languages of Gabon
Kabuverdianu
2,300 in Guinea-Bissau (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use Guinea-Bissau Creole [pov]. Most also use Portuguese [por].
Non-indigenous.
View other languages of Guinea-Bissau
Kabuverdianu
4,100 in Italy (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Primarily women taken by Italian tourists to serve as house help in Italy (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante). Most also use Italian [ita].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
2,430 in Luxembourg (2021).
Unestablished
Most also use French [fra]. Some also use Luxembourgish [ltz]. Some also use Standard German [deu].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
2,000 in Mozambique (2017).
Unestablished
Most also use Portuguese [por].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
20,800 in Netherlands (2019).
Unestablished
Most also use Dutch [nld].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
63,900 in Portugal (2007 J. Leclerc), increasing.
Lisboa: Primarily in the neighborhoods on the outskirts of Lisbon.
5 (Dispersed)
Vigorous. All home, all community, some religion, some work, and some education. Used by all, in predominantly Cape Verdean School districts. Mixed attitudes. The Portuguese tend to view Kabuverdianu as a perversion of the Portuguese language, which has a negative impact on the self image of L1 speakers. Most also use Portuguese [por]. Used as L2 by Portuguese [por].
Non-indigenous. Kabuverdianu is the second most commonly spoken language in Portugal.
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Kabuverdianu
39,000 in Senegal (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Unestablished
Most also use French [fra]. Most also use Wolof [wol].
Non-indigenous.
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Kabuverdianu
17,500 in São Tomé e Príncipe (2019 D. Eberhard). Based on 2012 census with extrapolations for 2019. Ethnic population: Estimates of ethnic population unreliable due to high rate of mixed marriages and increased awareness of national identity (2020 M. Bouchard).
Highest concentration in Príncipe province. Others scattered throughout São Tomé province.
6b (Threatened)
Some of all ages. Positive attitudes. All also use Portuguese [por]. Some also use Sãotomense [cri]. Used as L2 by Kimbundu [kmb], Principense [pre].
Non-indigenous. Descendants of Cape Verdeans were imported by the Portuguese as indentured laborers in the 1800s to work on the plantations, following the freeing of the slaves in São Tomé e Príncipe (2018 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
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Kabuverdianu
425,000 in United States (2010 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante).
Massachusetts, Rhode Island.
Kabuverdianu Sotavento.
5 (Dispersed)
Vigorous. All home, all community; some religion, some work, some education. Used by all. Positive attitudes. Primary language of identity for the Cape Verdean community.
Taught in some primary schools in Massachusetts and Rhode Island where there are large populations of Cape Verdean children in the schools. Kabuverdianu is also used as a bridge to teach English.
Non-indigenous. Descendants of Cape Verdeans taken to New England in the 1800s to work in the whaling industry, plus subsequent chain migration of family members.
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