knc ISO 639
Kanuri, Yerwa Kanuri Autonyms
Kanuri, Yerwa
Visualizations
A language of Nigeria
- ISO 639
- knc
- Alternate Names
- Borno, Bornu, Central Kanuri, Kanouri, Kanoury, “Beriberi” (pej.)
- Autonym
- Kanuri, Yerwa Kanuri
- Population
- 8,150,000 in Nigeria, all users. L1 users: 7,650,000 in Nigeria (2020). L2 users: 500,000. Total users in all countries: 8,951,500 (as L1: 8,451,500; as L2: 500,000).
- Location
- Borno state: Bama, Gwoza, Kaga, Konduga, Kukawa, Maiduguri, Monguno, and Ngala LGAs; Gombe state: 1 enclave in each of Akko, Kwami, and Yamaltu-Deba LGAs; Yobe state: Damaturu, Fika, Fune, Geidam, Gujba, and Nguru LGAs.
- Language Maps
- Niger, Nigeria, Map 4, Nigeria, Map 5, Nigeria, Map 6, Northern Cameroon, Southwestern Chad
- Language Status
- 3 (Wider communication). De facto language of provincial identity in Borno, Yobe, and Gombe states, used in education; widespread use generally. Indigenous to central south Sahara area, Kanuri people began to expand in the area of Lake Chad in late 7th century. Dominant people group in the Borno state. Also spoken throughout central Africa. Language became widespread in mid-19th century. Used in trade, daily life, religion, and literature.
- Classification
- Nilo-Saharan, Saharan, Western, Kanuri
- Dialects
- Kaga (Kagama), Lare (Lere), Kwayam (Koyam), Njesko, Kabari (Kuvuri), Ngazar, Guvja, Mao, Temageri, Fadawa, Yerwa. Kwayam dialect not understood by other Kanuri (Lukas 1937). Maiduguri dialect mutually intelligible. Reportedly most similar to Manga Kanuri [kby] and Tumari Kanuri [krt]. Yerwa is central dialect. A member of macrolanguage Kanuri [kau].
- Typology
- SOV.
- Language Use
- Used as L2 by Kibaku [ckl], Putai [mfl].
- Language Development
- Taught in a few primary schools in grades 1–3; taught as subject in some schools. Radio. TV. Dictionary. Grammar. Texts. NT: 1997.
- Writing
- Arabic script, Naskh variant [Arab]. Latin script [Latn], used since 1949.
- Other Comments
- Muslim.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Kanuri, Yerwa
Also Spoken in
- Location
- Scattered, in South Darfur, South Kordofan, West Darfur, and West Kordofan states and other regions.
- Dialects
- Dagara, Kaga (Kagama), Sugurti, Lare, Kwayam, Njesko, Kabari (Kuvuri), Ngazar, Guvja, Mao, Temageri, Fadawa, Maiduguri.
- Language Status
- 6a (Vigorous)
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. Known as Bornu in Sudan. View other languages of Sudan
Language Name
Bornu
User Population
348,000 in Sudan (2017).
- Location
- Far North region: Diamaré division, Bogo and Maroua subdivisions; Mayo Danay and Mayo Kani divisions, as far as Guirvidig and Mindif; Mayo-Sava division, mainly north of Mora between Limani and Boundéri, and Kolofata subdivisions.
- Dialects
- Mowor (Movar), Dagara, Kaga (Kagama), Sugurti, Lare, Kwayam, Njesko, Kabari (Kuvuri), Ngazar, Guvja, Mao, Temageri, Fadawa, Maiduguri.
- Language Status
- 5 (Dispersed)
- Language Use
- Many also use French [fra]. Many also use Hausa [hau]. Some also use Adamawa Fulfulde [fub]. Some also use Wandala [mfi].
- Other Comments
- Muslim. View other languages of Cameroon
Language Name
Kanuri, Yerwa
User Population
56,500 in Cameroon (1982 SIL).
- Location
- Diffa region: Banda area, west of Lake Chad, along Nigeria border.
- Dialects
- Movar (Mavar, Mobber, Mober, Mowor).
- Language Status
- 5 (Dispersed)
- Other Comments
- Movar may be a separate language. Muslim. View other languages of Niger
Language Name
Kanuri, Yerwa
User Population
206,000 in Niger (2021).
- Location
- Chari-Baguirmi, Hadjer-Lamis, Mayo-Kebbi Est regions.
- Dialects
- Dagara, Kaga (Kagama), Sugurti, Lare, Kwayam, Njesko, Kabari (Kuvuri), Ngazar, Guvja, Mao, Temageri, Fadawa.
- Language Status
- 5 (Dispersed)
- Language Use
- Used as L2 by Buduma [bdm], Mser [kqx].
- Other Comments
- Muslim. View other languages of Chad
Language Name
Kanuri, Yerwa
User Population
191,000 in Chad (2019). 34,500 in Chari-Baguirmi and 23,300 in N’Djamena.
