Afro-Asiatic

Descendants

• Berber 28
  • Guanche gnc, a language of Spain

  Descendants

  • Eastern 3

    Descendants

    • Awjila-Sokna 2
      • Awjilah auj, a language of Libya
      • Sawknah swn, a language of Libya
    • Siwa 1
      • Siwi siz, a language of Egypt
  • Northern 18
    • Chenoua cnu, a language of Algeria

    Descendants

    • Atlas 4
      • Judeo-Berber jbe, a language of Israel
      • Tachelhit shi, a language of Morocco
      • Tamazight, Central Atlas tzm, a language of Morocco
      • Tamazight, Standard Moroccan zgh, a language of Morocco
    • Kabyle 1
      • Amazigh kab, a language of Algeria
    • Zenati 12

      Descendants

      • East 3
        • Ghadamès gha, a language of Libya
        • Nafusi jbn, a language of Libya
        • Sened sds, a language of Tunisia
      • Ghomara 1
        • Ghomara gho, a language of Morocco
      • Mzab-Wargla 4
        • Tagargrent oua, a language of Algeria
        • Tamazight, Temacine tjo, a language of Algeria
        • Taznatit grr, a language of Algeria
        • Tumzabt mzb, a language of Algeria
      • Riff 2
        • Senhaja Berber sjs, a language of Morocco
        • Tarifit rif, a language of Morocco
      • Shawiya 1
        • Tachawit shy, a language of Algeria
      • Tidikelt 1
        • Tamazight, Tidikelt tia, a language of Algeria
  • Tamasheq 4

    Descendants

    • Northern 1
      • Tamahaq, Tahaggart thv, a language of Algeria
    • Southern 3
      • Tamajaq, Tawallammat ttq, a language of Niger
      • Tamajeq, Tayart thz, a language of Niger
      • Tamasheq taq, a language of Mali
  • Zenaga 2
    • Tetserret tez, a language of Niger
    • Zenaga zen, a language of Mauritania
• Chadic 198

  Descendants

  • Biu-Mandara 80

    Descendants

    • A 65

      Descendants

      • A.1 5

        Descendants

        • Eastern 3
          • Boga bvw, a language of Nigeria
          • Ga’anda gqa, a language of Nigeria
          • Hwana hwo, a language of Nigeria
        • Western 2
          • Jara jaf, a language of Nigeria
          • Tera ttr, a language of Nigeria
      • A.2 8
        • Nggwahyi ngx, a language of Nigeria

        Descendants

        • 1 4
          • Bura-Pabir bwr, a language of Nigeria
          • Kibaku ckl, a language of Nigeria
          • Kofa kso, a language of Nigeria
          • Putai mfl, a language of Nigeria
        • 2 3
          • Marghi Central mrt, a language of Nigeria
          • Marghi South mfm, a language of Nigeria
          • Nya Huba hbb, a language of Nigeria
      • A.3 5
        • Bana bcw, a language of Cameroon
        • Hya hya, a language of Cameroon
        • Kamwe hig, a language of Nigeria
        • Kirya-Konzel fkk, a language of Nigeria
        • Psikye kvj, a language of Cameroon
      • A.4 10

        Descendants

        • Lamang 3
          • Hdi xed, a language of Cameroon
          • Lamang hia, a language of Nigeria
          • Vemgo-Mabas vem, a language of Nigeria
        • Mandara Proper 7

          Descendants

          • Glavda 5
            • Cineni cie, a language of Nigeria
            • Dghwede dgh, a language of Nigeria
            • Glavda glw, a language of Nigeria
            • Guduf-Gava gdf, a language of Nigeria
            • Gvoko ngs, a language of Nigeria
          • Mandara 1
            • Wandala mfi, a language of Cameroon
          • Podoko 1
            • Parkwa pbi, a language of Cameroon
      • A.5 18
        • Baldemu bdn, a language of Cameroon
        • Cuvok cuv, a language of Cameroon
        • Dugwor dme, a language of Cameroon
        • Giziga giz, a language of Cameroon
        • Giziga, North gis, a language of Cameroon
        • Mada mxu, a language of Cameroon
        • Mafa maf, a language of Cameroon
        • Matal mfh, a language of Cameroon
        • Mbuko mqb, a language of Cameroon
        • Mefele mfj, a language of Cameroon
        • Merey meq, a language of Cameroon
        • Mofu-Gudur mif, a language of Cameroon
        • Mofu, North mfk, a language of Cameroon
        • Moloko mlw, a language of Cameroon
        • Muyang muy, a language of Cameroon
        • Vame mlr, a language of Cameroon
        • Wuzlam udl, a language of Cameroon
        • Zulgo-Gemzek gnd, a language of Cameroon
      • A.6 1
        • Sukur syk, a language of Nigeria
      • A.7 6
        • Buwal bhs, a language of Cameroon
        • Daba dbq, a language of Cameroon
        • Gavar gou, a language of Cameroon
        • Mazagway-Hidi dkx, a language of Cameroon
        • Mbudum xmd, a language of Cameroon
        • Mina hna, a language of Cameroon
      • A.8 12
        • Bacama bcy, a language of Nigeria
        • Bata bta, a language of Nigeria
        • Fali Muchella fli, a language of Nigeria
        • Gude gde, a language of Nigeria
        • Gudu gdu, a language of Nigeria
        • Holma hod, a language of Nigeria
        • Jimjimen jim, a language of Cameroon
        • Ngwaba ngw, a language of Nigeria
        • Nzanyi nja, a language of Nigeria
        • Sharwa swq, a language of Cameroon
        • Tsuvan tsh, a language of Cameroon
        • Zizilivakan ziz, a language of Nigeria
    • B 14

      Descendants

      • B.1 11
        • Auyokawa auo, a language of Nigeria
        • Jilbe jie, a language of Nigeria

        Descendants

        • Buduma 1
          • Buduma bdm, a language of Chad
        • Jina 2
          • Jina jia, a language of Cameroon
          • Majera xmj, a language of Cameroon
        • Kotoko Proper 6

          Descendants

          • North 4
            • Afade aal, a language of Cameroon
            • Malgbe mxf, a language of Cameroon
            • Maslam msv, a language of Cameroon
            • Mpade mpi, a language of Cameroon
          • South 2
            • Lagwan kot, a language of Cameroon
            • Mser kqx, a language of Cameroon
      • B.2 3
        • Mbara mpk, a language of Chad
        • Musgu mug, a language of Cameroon
        • Muskum mje, a language of Chad
    • C 1
      • Gidar gid, a language of Cameroon
  • East 36

    Descendants

    • A 17

      Descendants

      • A.1 9
        • Buso bso, a language of Chad

        Descendants

        • 1 4
          • Mulgi mvh, a language of Chad
          • Ndam ndm, a language of Chad
          • Soumraye sor, a language of Chad
          • Tumak tmc, a language of Chad
        • 2 4
          • Boor bvf, a language of Chad
          • Gadang gdk, a language of Chad
          • Miltu mlj, a language of Chad
          • Sarua swy, a language of Chad
      • A.2 6

        Descendants

        • 1 3
          • Kimré kqp, a language of Chad
          • Lele lln, a language of Chad
          • Nancere nnc, a language of Chad
        • 2 3
          • Gabri gab, a language of Chad
          • Kabalai kvf, a language of Chad
          • Tobanga tng, a language of Chad
      • A.3 2
        • Kera ker, a language of Chad
        • Kwang kvi, a language of Chad
    • B 19

      Descendants

      • B.1 14

        Descendants

        • 1 8
          • Bidiyo bid, a language of Chad
          • Dangaléat daa, a language of Chad
          • Jonkor Bourmataguil jeu, a language of Chad
          • Mabire muj, a language of Chad
          • Mawa mcw, a language of Chad
          • Migaama mmy, a language of Chad
          • Mogum mou, a language of Chad
          • Ubi ubi, a language of Chad
        • 2 6
          • Birgit btf, a language of Chad
          • Kajakse ckq, a language of Chad
          • Masmaje mes, a language of Chad
          • Mubi mub, a language of Chad
          • Toram trj, a language of Chad
          • Zerenkel zrn, a language of Chad
      • B.2 1
        • Mukulu moz, a language of Chad
      • B.3 4
        • Barein bva, a language of Chad
        • Saba saa, a language of Chad
        • Sokoro sok, a language of Chad
        • Tamki tax, a language of Chad
  • Masa 8
    • Herdé hed, a language of Chad
    • Marba mpg, a language of Chad
    • Masana mcn, a language of Chad
    • Mesme zim, a language of Chad
    • Musey mse, a language of Chad
    • Ngete nnn, a language of Chad
    • Pévé lme, a language of Chad
    • Zumaya zuy, a language of Cameroon
  • West 74

    Descendants

    • A 44

      Descendants

      • A.1 2
        • Gwandara gwn, a language of Nigeria
        • Hausa hau, a language of Nigeria
      • A.2 21

        Descendants

        • Bole 14

          Descendants

          • Bole Proper 13
            • Beele bxq, a language of Nigeria
            • Bole bol, a language of Nigeria
            • Bure bvh, a language of Nigeria
            • Deno dbb, a language of Nigeria
            • Galambu glo, a language of Nigeria
            • Gera gew, a language of Nigeria
            • Geruma gea, a language of Nigeria
            • Giiwo kks, a language of Nigeria
            • Kholok ktc, a language of Nigeria
            • Kubi kof, a language of Nigeria
            • Maaka mew, a language of Nigeria
            • Ngamo nbh, a language of Nigeria
            • Nyam nmi, a language of Nigeria
          • Karekare 1
            • Karekare kai, a language of Nigeria
        • Tangale 7

          Descendants

          • Dera 1
            • Dera kna, a language of Nigeria
          • Tangale Proper 6
            • Kushi kuh, a language of Nigeria
            • Kutto kpa, a language of Nigeria
            • Kwaami ksq, a language of Nigeria
            • Pero pip, a language of Nigeria
            • Piya-Kwonci piy, a language of Nigeria
            • Tangale tan, a language of Nigeria
      • A.3 14

        Descendants

        • Angas Proper 13
          • Jakattoe jrt, a language of Nigeria

          Descendants

          • 1 7
            • Belning glb, a language of Nigeria
            • Cakfem-Mushere cky, a language of Nigeria
            • Kofyar kwl, a language of Nigeria
            • Miship mjs, a language of Nigeria
            • Mwaghavul sur, a language of Nigeria
            • Ngas anc, a language of Nigeria
            • Nteng nqt, a language of Nigeria
          • 2 5
            • Goemai ank, a language of Nigeria
            • Koenoem kcs, a language of Nigeria
            • Piapung pcw, a language of Nigeria
            • Tal tal, a language of Nigeria
            • Tehl mtl, a language of Nigeria
        • Yiwom 1
          • Ywom gek, a language of Nigeria
      • A.4 7

        Descendants

        • Fyer 2
          • Fyer fie, a language of Nigeria
          • Rom tdk, a language of Nigeria
        • Ron Proper 5
          • Duhwa kbz, a language of Nigeria
          • Kulere kul, a language of Nigeria
          • Mindat mmf, a language of Nigeria
          • Ron cla, a language of Nigeria
          • Sya scw, a language of Nigeria
    • B 30

      Descendants

      • B.1 4
        • Teshenawa twc, a language of Nigeria

        Descendants

        • Bade Proper 2
          • Bade bde, a language of Nigeria
          • Ngizim ngi, a language of Nigeria
        • Duwai 1
          • Duwai dbp, a language of Nigeria
      • B.2 10
        • Ajawa ajw, a language of Nigeria
        • Ciwogai tgd, a language of Nigeria
        • Diri dwa, a language of Nigeria
        • Kariya kil, a language of Nigeria
        • Mburku bbt, a language of Nigeria
        • Miya mkf, a language of Nigeria
        • Pa’a pqa, a language of Nigeria
        • Siri sir, a language of Nigeria
        • Warji wji, a language of Nigeria
        • Zumbun jmb, a language of Nigeria
      • B.3 16
        • Dass dot, a language of Nigeria

        Descendants

        • Boghom 3
          • Boghom bux, a language of Nigeria
          • Kir-Balar kkr, a language of Nigeria
          • Mangas zns, a language of Nigeria
        • Eastern 1
          • Jimi jmi, a language of Nigeria
        • Guruntum 4
          • Guruntum-Mbaaru grd, a language of Nigeria
          • Ju juu, a language of Nigeria
          • Tala tak, a language of Nigeria
          • Zangwal zah, a language of Nigeria
        • Zaar Proper 7
          • Bu zbu, a language of Nigeria
          • Gyaazi gyz, a language of Nigeria
          • Luri ldd, a language of Nigeria
          • Polci plj, a language of Nigeria
          • Saya say, a language of Nigeria
          • Zari zaz, a language of Nigeria
          • Zeem zua, a language of Nigeria
• Cushitic 46

  Descendants

  • Central 4

    Descendants

    • Eastern 1
      • Xamtanga xan, a language of Ethiopia
    • Northern 1
      • Bilen byn, a language of Eritrea
    • Southern 1
      • Awngi awn, a language of Ethiopia
    • Western 1
      • Qimant ahg, a language of Ethiopia
  • East 34
    • Boon bnl, a language of Somalia

    Descendants

    • Dullay 2
      • Ale gwd, a language of Ethiopia
      • Tsamai tsb, a language of Ethiopia
    • Highland 7
      • Alaba-K’abeena alw, a language of Ethiopia
      • Burji bji, a language of Ethiopia
      • Gedeo drs, a language of Ethiopia
      • Hadiyya hdy, a language of Ethiopia
      • Kambaata ktb, a language of Ethiopia
      • Libido liq, a language of Ethiopia
      • Sidamo sid, a language of Ethiopia
    • Konso-Gidole 3
      • Dirasha gdl, a language of Ethiopia
      • Konso kxc, a language of Ethiopia
      • Mositacha dox, a language of Ethiopia
    • Oromo 5
      • Orma orc, a language of Kenya
      • Oromo, Borana-Arsi-Guji gax, a language of Ethiopia
      • Oromo, Eastern hae, a language of Ethiopia
      • Oromo, West Central gaz, a language of Ethiopia
      • Waata ssn, a language of Kenya
    • Rendille-Boni 2
      • Aweer bob, a language of Kenya
      • Rendille rel, a language of Kenya
    • Saho-Afar 2
      • Afar aar, a language of Ethiopia
      • Saho ssy, a language of Eritrea
    • Somali 7
      • Dabarre dbr, a language of Somalia
      • Garre gex, a language of Kenya
      • Girirra gii, a language of Ethiopia
      • Jiiddu jii, a language of Somalia
      • Maay ymm, a language of Somalia
      • Somali som, a language of Somalia
      • Tunni tqq, a language of Somalia
    • Western Omo-Tana 4
      • Arbore arv, a language of Ethiopia
      • Baiso bsw, a language of Ethiopia
      • Daasanach dsh, a language of Ethiopia
      • El Molo elo, a language of Kenya
    • Yaaku 1
      • Yaaku muu, a language of Kenya
  • North 1
    • Bedawiyet bej, a language of Sudan
  • South 7
    • Aasáx aas, a language of Tanzania
    • Alagwa wbj, a language of Tanzania
    • Burunge bds, a language of Tanzania
    • Dahalo dal, a language of Kenya
    • Gorowa gow, a language of Tanzania
    • Iraqw irk, a language of Tanzania
    • Kw’adza wka, a language of Tanzania
• Egyptian 1
  • Coptic cop, a language of Egypt
• Omotic 31

  Descendants

  • North 26

    Descendants

    • Dizoid 3
      • Dizin mdx, a language of Ethiopia
      • Nayi noz, a language of Ethiopia
      • Sheko she, a language of Ethiopia
    • Gonga-Gimojan 19

      Descendants

      • Gimojan 15

        Descendants

        • Janjero 1
          • Yemsa jnj, a language of Ethiopia
        • Ometo-Gimira 14

          Descendants

          • Chara 1
            • Chara cra, a language of Ethiopia
          • Gimira 1
            • Bench bcq, a language of Ethiopia
          • Ometo 12
            • Male mdy, a language of Ethiopia

            Descendants

            • Central 7
              • Dawro dwr, a language of Ethiopia
              • Dorze doz, a language of Ethiopia
              • Gamo gmv, a language of Ethiopia
              • Gofa gof, a language of Ethiopia
              • Melo mfx, a language of Ethiopia
              • Oyda oyd, a language of Ethiopia
              • Wolaytta wal, a language of Ethiopia
            • East 3
              • Kachama-Ganjule kcx, a language of Ethiopia
              • Koorete kqy, a language of Ethiopia
              • Zayse zay, a language of Ethiopia
            • West 1
              • Basketo bst, a language of Ethiopia
      • Gonga 4

        Descendants

        • Central 1
          • Anfillo myo, a language of Ethiopia
        • North 1
          • Borna bwo, a language of Ethiopia
        • South 2
          • Kafa kbr, a language of Ethiopia
          • Shekkacho moy, a language of Ethiopia
    • Mao 4
      • Ganza gza, a language of Sudan
      • Hozo hoz, a language of Ethiopia
      • Màwés Aasʼè myf, a language of Ethiopia
      • Seze sze, a language of Ethiopia
  • South 5
    • Aari aiw, a language of Ethiopia
    • Dime dim, a language of Ethiopia
    • Gayil gyl, a language of Ethiopia
    • Hamer-Banna amf, a language of Ethiopia
    • Karo kxh, a language of Ethiopia
• Semitic 79

  Descendants

  • Central 57
    • Faifi fif, a language of Saudi Arabia
    • Rāziḥī rzh, a language of Yemen

    Descendants

    • Aramaic 19

      Descendants

      • Eastern 17
        • Syriac syc, a language of Turkey

        Descendants

        • Central 14

          Descendants

          • Northeastern 12
            • Assyrian Neo-Aramaic aii, a language of Iraq
            • Barzani-Sandu Jewish Neo-Aramaic bjf, a language of Israel
            • Bohtan Neo-Aramaic bhn, a language of Georgia
            • Chaldean Neo-Aramaic cld, a language of Iraq
            • Hértevin hrt, a language of Turkey
            • Jewish Babylonian Aramaic tmr, a language of Israel
            • Koy Sanjaq Surat kqd, a language of Iraq
            • Senaya syn, a language of Iran

            Descendants

            • Trans-Zab 4
              • Hulaulá huy, a language of Israel
              • Inter-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic aij, a language of Israel
              • Lishán Noshan trg, a language of Israel
              • Lishana Deni lsd, a language of Israel
          • Northwestern 2
            • Mlahsö lhs, a language of Syria
            • Turoyo tru, a language of Turkey
        • Mandaic 2
          • Mandaic mid, a language of Iran
          • Mandaic, Classical myz, a language of Iran
      • Western 2
        • Samaritan Aramaic sam, a language of Palestine
        • Western Neo-Aramaic amw, a language of Syria
    • South 36

      Descendants

      • Arabic 33
        • Arabic, Algerian Saharan Spoken aao, a language of Algeria
        • Arabic, Algerian Spoken arq, a language of Algeria
        • Arabic, Baharna Spoken abv, a language of Bahrain
        • Arabic, Chadian Spoken shu, a language of Chad
        • Arabic, Cypriot Spoken acy, a language of Cyprus
        • Arabic, Dhofari Spoken adf, a language of Oman
        • Arabic, Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Spoken avl, a language of Egypt
        • Arabic, Egyptian Spoken arz, a language of Egypt
        • Arabic, Gulf Spoken afb, a language of Kuwait
        • Arabic, Hadrami Spoken ayh, a language of Yemen
        • Arabic, Hijazi Spoken acw, a language of Saudi Arabia
        • Arabic, Judeo-Iraqi yhd, a language of Israel
        • Arabic, Judeo-Moroccan aju, a language of Morocco
        • Arabic, Judeo-Tripolitanian yud, a language of Israel
        • Arabic, Judeo-Yemeni jye, a language of Yemen
        • Arabic, Libyan Spoken ayl, a language of Libya
        • Arabic, Mesopotamian Spoken acm, a language of Iraq
        • Arabic, Moroccan Spoken ary, a language of Morocco
        • Arabic, Najdi Spoken ars, a language of Saudi Arabia
        • Arabic, North Levantine Spoken apc, a language of Syria
        • Arabic, North Mesopotamian Spoken ayp, a language of Iraq
        • Arabic, Omani Spoken acx, a language of Oman
        • Arabic, Sa’idi Spoken aec, a language of Egypt
        • Arabic, Sanaani Spoken ayn, a language of Yemen
        • Arabic, Shihhi Spoken ssh, a language of United Arab Emirates
        • Arabic, South Levantine Spoken ajp, a language of Jordan
        • Arabic, Standard arb, a language of Saudi Arabia
        • Arabic, Sudanese Spoken apd, a language of Sudan
        • Arabic, Ta’izzi-Adeni Spoken acq, a language of Yemen
        • Arabic, Tajiki Spoken abh, a language of Tajikistan
        • Arabic, Tunisian Spoken aeb, a language of Tunisia
        • Arabic, Uzbeki Spoken auz, a language of Uzbekistan
        • Hassaniyya mey, a language of Mauritania
        • Maltese mlt, a language of Malta
      • Canaanite 3
        • Hebrew heb, a language of Israel
        • Hebrew, Ancient hbo, a language of Israel
        • Samaritan Hebrew smp, a language of Palestine
  • South 22

    Descendants

    • Ethiopian 16

      Descendants

      • North 4
        • Dahalik dlk, a language of Eritrea
        • Geez gez, a language of Ethiopia
        • Tigré tig, a language of Eritrea
        • Tigrigna tir, a language of Eritrea
      • South 12

        Descendants

        • Outer 6

          Descendants

          • n-Group 2
            • Gafat gft, a language of Ethiopia
            • Kistane gru, a language of Ethiopia
          • tt-Group 4
            • Inor ior, a language of Ethiopia
            • Mesmes mys, a language of Ethiopia
            • Mesqan mvz, a language of Ethiopia
            • Sebat Bet Gurage sgw, a language of Ethiopia
        • Transversal 6

          Descendants

          • Amharic-Argobba 2
            • Amharic amh, a language of Ethiopia
            • Argobba agj, a language of Ethiopia
          • Harari-East Gurage 4
            • Harari har, a language of Ethiopia
            • Silt’e stv, a language of Ethiopia
            • Wolane wle, a language of Ethiopia
            • Zay zwa, a language of Ethiopia
    • South Arabian 6
      • Bathari bhm, a language of Oman
      • Harsusi hss, a language of Oman
      • Hobyót hoh, a language of Yemen
      • Mehri gdq, a language of Yemen
      • Shehri shv, a language of Oman
      • Soqotri sqt, a language of Yemen
• Unclassified 1
  • Ongota bxe, a language of Ethiopia