Indo-Iranian

Ancestors

Indo-European 455

Descendants

Indo-Aryan 220
- Sanskrit san, a language of India
Descendants
- Intermediate Divisions 99
  Descendants
  - Eastern 9
    Descendants
    - East Central 6
      - Awadhi awa, a language of India
      - Bagheli bfy, a language of India
      - Chhattisgarhi hne, a language of India
      - Fiji Hindi hif, a language of Fiji
      - Kamar keq, a language of India
      - Surgujia sgj, a language of India
    - Eastern Pahari 3
      - Dotyali dty, a language of Nepal
      - Jumli jml, a language of Nepal
      - Nepali npi, a language of Nepal
  - Western 90
    - Domaaki dmk, a language of Pakistan
    - Powari pwr, a language of India
    Descendants
    - Bhil 19
      - Bareli, Palya bpx, a language of India
      - Bareli, Pauri bfb, a language of India
      - Bareli, Rathwi bgd, a language of India
      - Bauria bge, a language of India
      - Bhilali bhi, a language of India
      - Bhili bhb, a language of India
      - Chodri cdi, a language of India
      - Dhodia dho, a language of India
      - Dubli dub, a language of India
      - Dungra Bhil duh, a language of India
      - Gamit gbl, a language of India
      - Garasia, Adiwasi gas, a language of India
      - Garasia, Rajput gra, a language of India
      - Mawchi mke, a language of India
      - Nahali nlx, a language of India
      - Noiri noi, a language of India
      - Pardhi pcl, a language of India
      - Rathawi rtw, a language of India
      - Wagdi wbr, a language of India
    - Dom 1
      - Domari rmt, a language of Turkey
    - Gujarati 9
      - Aer aeq, a language of Pakistan
      - Gujarati guj, a language of India
      - Jandavra jnd, a language of Pakistan
      - Koli, Kachi gjk, a language of Pakistan
      - Koli, Parkari kvx, a language of Pakistan
      - Koli, Wadiyari kxp, a language of India
      - Sourashtra saz, a language of India
      - Vaghri vgr, a language of Pakistan
      - Vasavi vas, a language of India
    - Khandesi 3
      - Ahirani ahr, a language of India
      - Dangi dhn, a language of India
      - Khandesi khn, a language of India
    - Pahari 19
      Descendants
      - Central Pahari 1
        Kumaoni kfy, a language of India
      - Garhwali 1
        Garhwali gbm, a language of India
      - Western Pahari 17
        Bhadrawahi bhd, a language of India
        Bhattiyali bht, a language of India
        Bilaspuri kfs, a language of India
        Chambeali cdh, a language of India
        Churahi cdj, a language of India
        Dogri dgo, a language of India
        Gaddi gbk, a language of India
        Hinduri hii, a language of India
        Jaunsari jns, a language of India
        Kangri xnr, a language of India
        Khah hkh, a language of India
        Kinnauri, Pahari kjo, a language of India
        Mandeali mjl, a language of India
        Pahari, Kullu kfx, a language of India
        Pahari, Mahasu bfz, a language of India
        Pangwali pgg, a language of India
        Sirmauri srx, a language of India
    - Panjabi 8
      - Punjabi, Eastern pan, a language of India
      Descendants
      - Western Panjabi 7
        Hindko, Northern hno, a language of Pakistan
        Hindko, Southern hnd, a language of Pakistan
        Inku jat, a language of Afghanistan
        Khetrani xhe, a language of Pakistan
        Pahari-Potwari phr, a language of Pakistan
        Punjabi, Western pnb, a language of Pakistan
        Saraiki skr, a language of Pakistan
    - Rajasthani 19
      Descendants
      - Marwari 11
        Dhatki mki, a language of Pakistan
        Dhundari dhd, a language of India
        Goaria gig, a language of Pakistan
        Godwari gdx, a language of India
        Jogi jog, a language of Pakistan
        Loarki lrk, a language of Pakistan
        Marwari mve, a language of Pakistan
        Marwari rwr, a language of India
        Merwari wry, a language of India
        Mewari mtr, a language of India
        Shekhawati swv, a language of India
      - Unclassified 8
        Bagri bgq, a language of India
        Gujari gju, a language of India
        Gurgula ggg, a language of Pakistan
        Haroti hoj, a language of India
        Lambadi lmn, a language of India
        Lohar, Gade gda, a language of India
        Malvi mup, a language of India
        Nimadi noe, a language of India
    - Romani 7
      Descendants
      - Balkan 1
        Romani, Balkan rmn, a language of Serbia
      - Northern 5
        Romani, Baltic rml, a language of Poland
        Romani, Carpathian rmc, a language of Slovakia
        Romani, Kalo Finnish rmf, a language of Finland
        Romani, Sinte rmo, a language of Germany
        Romani, Welsh rmw, a language of United Kingdom
      - Vlax 1
        Romani, Vlax rmy, a language of Romania
    - Unclassified 3
      - Mewati wtm, a language of India
      - Parya paq, a language of Tajikistan
      - Sonha soi, a language of Nepal
- Outer Languages 91
  Descendants
  - Eastern 42
    Descendants
    - Bengali-Assamese 19
      - Assamese asm, a language of India
      - Bengali ben, a language of Bangladesh
      - Bishnupuriya bpy, a language of India
      - Chakma ccp, a language of Bangladesh
      - Chittagonian ctg, a language of Bangladesh
      - Hajong haj, a language of India
      - Halbi hlb, a language of India
      - Kewat kyv, a language of Nepal
      - Kharia Thar ksy, a language of India
      - Kurmukar kfv, a language of India
      - Lodhi lbm, a language of India
      - Mal Paharia mkb, a language of India
      - Mirgan zrg, a language of India
      - Nahari nhh, a language of India
      - Rajbanshi rjs, a language of Nepal
      - Rangpuri rkt, a language of Bangladesh
      - Rohingya rhg, a language of Myanmar
      - Sylheti syl, a language of Bangladesh
      - Tangchangya tnv, a language of Bangladesh
    - Bihari 11
      - Bhojpuri bho, a language of India
      - Hindustani, Sarnami hns, a language of Suriname
      - Kudmali kyw, a language of India
      - Magahi mag, a language of India
      - Maithili mai, a language of India
      - Majhi mjz, a language of Nepal
      - Musasa smm, a language of Nepal
      - Panchpargania tdb, a language of India
      - Sadri sck, a language of India
      - Sadri, Oraon sdr, a language of Bangladesh
      - Surjapuri sjp, a language of India
    - Oriya 9
      - Bhatri bgw, a language of India
      - Bhunjia bhu, a language of India
      - Bodo Parja bdv, a language of India
      - Desiya dso, a language of India
      - Kupia key, a language of India
      - Odia ory, a language of India
      - Oriya, Adivasi ort, a language of India
      - Reli rei, a language of India
      - Sambalpuri spv, a language of India
    - Unclassified 3
      - Angika anp, a language of India
      - Bote bmj, a language of Nepal
      - Buksa tkb, a language of India
  - Northwestern 34
    Descendants
    - Dardic 28
      Descendants
      - Chitral 2
        Kalasha kls, a language of Pakistan
        Khowar khw, a language of Pakistan
      - Kashmiri 1
        Kashmiri kas, a language of India
      - Kohistani 9
        Bateri btv, a language of Pakistan
        Chilisso clh, a language of Pakistan
        Degano wsv, a language of Afghanistan
        Gawri gwc, a language of Pakistan
        Gowro gwf, a language of Pakistan
        Kohistani, Indus mvy, a language of Pakistan
        Mankiyali nlm, a language of Pakistan
        Tirahi tra, a language of Afghanistan
        Torwali trw, a language of Pakistan
      - Kunar 4
        Dameli dml, a language of Pakistan
        Gawar-Bati gwt, a language of Afghanistan
        Grangali nli, a language of Afghanistan
        Shumashti sts, a language of Afghanistan
      - Pashai 4
        Pashai, Northeast aee, a language of Afghanistan
        Pashai, Northwest glh, a language of Afghanistan
        Pashai, Southeast psi, a language of Afghanistan
        Pashai, Southwest psh, a language of Afghanistan
      - Shina 8
        Brokskat bkk, a language of India
        Kalkoti xka, a language of Pakistan
        Kundal Shahi shd, a language of Pakistan
        Palula phl, a language of Pakistan
        Savi sdg, a language of Afghanistan
        Shina scl, a language of Pakistan
        Shina, Kohistani plk, a language of Pakistan
        Ushojo ush, a language of Pakistan
    - Sindhi 6
      - Jadgali jdg, a language of Pakistan
      - Kacchi kfr, a language of India
      - Lasi lss, a language of Pakistan
      - Luwati luv, a language of Oman
      - Sindhi snd, a language of Pakistan
      - Sindhi Bhil sbn, a language of Pakistan
  - Southern 15
    - Marathi mar, a language of India
    Descendants
    - Konkani 7
      - Katkari kfu, a language of India
      - Konkani knn, a language of India
      - Konkani, Goan gom, a language of India
      - Kukna kex, a language of India
      - Phudagi phd, a language of India
      - Samvedi smv, a language of India
      - Varli vav, a language of India
    - Sinhalese-Maldivian 3
      - Maldivian div, a language of Maldives
      - Sinhala sin, a language of Sri Lanka
      - Veddah ved, a language of Sri Lanka
    - Unclassified 4
      - Bhalay bhx, a language of India
      - Deccan dcc, a language of India
      - Gowlan goj, a language of India
      - Varhadi-Nagpuri vah, a language of India
- Tharu 5
  - Tharu, Kathariya tkt, a language of Nepal
  - Tharu, Rana thr, a language of Nepal
  Descendants
  - Eastern Tharu 3
    - Tharu, Central the, a language of Nepal
    - Tharu, Dangaura thl, a language of Nepal
    - Tharu, Mid-Eastern thq, a language of Nepal
- Unclassified 13
  - Andh anr, a language of India
  - Bazigar bfr, a language of India
  - Chinali cih, a language of India
  - Danuwar dhw, a language of Nepal
  - Darai dry, a language of Nepal
  - Dewas Rai dwz, a language of Nepal
  - Kanjari kft, a language of India
  - Kumal kra, a language of Nepal
  - Lohar, Lahul lhl, a language of India
  - Memoni mby, a language of Pakistan
  - Oadki odk, a language of India
  - Pali pli, a language of India
  - Vaagri Booli vaa, a language of India
- Western Hindi 11
  Descendants
  - Bundeli 1
    - Bundeli bns, a language of India
  - Hindustani 4
    - Hindi hin, a language of India
    - Urdu urd, a language of Pakistan
    Descendants
    - Sansi 2
      - Kabutra kbu, a language of Pakistan
      - Sansi ssi, a language of India
  - Unclassified 6
    - Bhaya bhe, a language of Pakistan
    - Braj Bhasha bra, a language of India
    - Ghera ghr, a language of Pakistan
    - Gowli gok, a language of India
    - Haryanvi bgc, a language of India
    - Kanauji bjj, a language of India
Iranian 85
- Avestan ave, a language of Iran
Descendants
- Eastern 15
  Descendants
  - Northeastern 3
    - Ossetic oss, a language of Russian Federation
    - Yagnobi yai, a language of Tajikistan
    - Yassic ysc, a language of Hungary
  - Southeastern 12
    Descendants
    - Pamir 8
      - Ishkashimi isk, a language of Afghanistan
      - Munji mnj, a language of Afghanistan
      - Sanglechi sgy, a language of Afghanistan
      - Wakhi wbl, a language of Afghanistan
      - Yadgha ydg, a language of Pakistan
      Descendants
      - Shugni-Yazgulami 3
        Sarikoli srh, a language of China
        Shughni sgh, a language of Tajikistan
        Yazgulyam yah, a language of Tajikistan
    - Pashto 4
      - Pashto, Central pst, a language of Pakistan
      - Pashto, Northern pbu, a language of Pakistan
      - Pashto, Southern pbt, a language of Afghanistan
      - Waneci wne, a language of Pakistan
- Western 69
  Descendants
  - Northwestern 52
    Descendants
    - Balochi 5
      - Balochi, Eastern bgp, a language of Pakistan
      - Balochi, Southern bcc, a language of Pakistan
      - Balochi, Western bgn, a language of Pakistan
      - Bashkardi bsg, a language of Iran
      - Koroshi ktl, a language of Iran
    - Caspian 3
      - Gilaki glk, a language of Iran
      - Mazandarani mzn, a language of Iran
      - Shahmirzadi srz, a language of Iran
    - Central Iran 11
      - Ashtiani atn, a language of Iran
      - Dari, Zoroastrian gbz, a language of Iran
      - Fars, Northwestern faz, a language of Iran
      - Gazi gzi, a language of Iran
      - Khunsari kfm, a language of Iran
      - Natanzi ntz, a language of Iran
      - Nayini nyq, a language of Iran
      - Parsi prp, a language of India
      - Parsi-Dari prd, a language of Iran
      - Sivandi siy, a language of Iran
      - Soi soj, a language of Iran
      - Vafsi vaf, a language of Iran
    - Kurdish 4
      - Kurdish, Central ckb, a language of Iraq
      - Kurdish, Northern kmr, a language of Turkey
      - Kurdish, Southern sdh, a language of Iran
      - Laki lki, a language of Iran
    - Ormuri-Parachi 2
      - Ormuri oru, a language of Pakistan
      - Parachi prc, a language of Afghanistan
    - Semnani 4
      - Lasgerdi lsa, a language of Iran
      - Sangisari sgr, a language of Iran
      - Semnani smy, a language of Iran
      - Sorkhei sqo, a language of Iran
    - Talysh 16
      - Alviri-Vidari avd, a language of Iran
      - Eshtehardi esh, a language of Iran
      - Gozarkhani goz, a language of Iran
      - Harzani hrz, a language of Iran
      - Kabatei xkp, a language of Iran
      - Kajali xkj, a language of Iran
      - Karingani kgn, a language of Iran
      - Kho’ini xkc, a language of Iran
      - Koresh-e Rostam okh, a language of Iran
      - Maraghei vmh, a language of Iran
      - Razajerdi rat, a language of Iran
      - Rudbari rdb, a language of Iran
      - Shahrudi shm, a language of Iran
      - Takestani tks, a language of Iran
      - Talysh tly, a language of Azerbaijan
      - Taromi, Upper tov, a language of Iran
    - Unclassified 1
      - Dezfuli def, a language of Iran
    - Zaza-Gorani 6
      - Bajelani bjm, a language of Iraq
      - Gurani hac, a language of Iran
      - Sarli sdf, a language of Iraq
      - Shabak sdb, a language of Iraq
      - Zazaki, Northern kiu, a language of Turkey
      - Zazaki, Southern diq, a language of Turkey
  - Southwestern 17
    Descendants
    - Fars 2
      - Fars, Southwestern fay, a language of Iran
      - Lari lrl, a language of Iran
    - Luri 4
      - Bakhtiâri bqi, a language of Iran
      - Kumzari zum, a language of Oman
      - Luri, Northern lrc, a language of Iran
      - Luri, Southern luz, a language of Iran
    - Persian 9
      - Aimaq aiq, a language of Afghanistan
      - Bukharic bhh, a language of Israel
      - Dari prs, a language of Afghanistan
      - Dehwari deh, a language of Pakistan
      - Dzhidi jpr, a language of Israel
      - Hazaragi haz, a language of Afghanistan
      - Pahlavani phv, a language of Afghanistan
      - Persian, Iranian pes, a language of Iran
      - Tajik tgk, a language of Tajikistan
    - Tat 2
      - Judeo-Tat jdt, a language of Russian Federation
      - Tat, Muslim ttt, a language of Azerbaijan
Nuristani 6
- Ashkun ask, a language of Afghanistan
- Kamviri xvi, a language of Afghanistan
- Kati bsh, a language of Afghanistan
- Prasuni prn, a language of Afghanistan
- Tregami trm, a language of Afghanistan
- Waigali wbk, a language of Afghanistan
Unclassified 1
- Badeshi bdz, a language of Pakistan