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Estonia
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1 (National)
Estonian, Standard
[ekk]
1 (National). Statutory national language (1992, Constitution, Article 52(1)). 1,050,000 in Estonia (European Commission 2012), including 1,290 speakers of Northeastern Coastal Estonian dialects, 26,800 speakers of North Estonian dialects (24,500 island dialects, 770 eastern dialects, 210 central dialects, and 1,280 western dialects), and 13,800 speakers of South Estonian dialects (9,700 Mulgi and 4,110 Tartu) (2011 census). Total users in all countries: 1,157,640.
3 (Wider communication)
Russian
[rus]
3 (Wider communication). 1,118,000 in Estonia, all users. L1 users: 383,000 in Estonia (2013 UNSD). L2 users: 735,000 (European Commission 2012). Ethnic population: 321,000 (2011 census).
4 (Educational)
English
[eng]
4 (Educational). 660,880 in Estonia, all users. L1 users: 880 in Estonia (2013 UNSD). L2 users: 660,000 (European Commission 2012).
5 (Dispersed)
Finnish
[fin]
5* (Dispersed). 158,620 in Estonia, all users. L1 users: 2,620 in Estonia (2013 UNSD). L2 users: 156,000 (2012 Eurobarometer). Ethnic population: 7,420 (2011 census).
French
[fra]
5* (Dispersed). 18,900 in Estonia (Beck et al 2018), L2 users.
German, Standard
[deu]
5* (Dispersed). 129,400 in Estonia, all users. L1 users: 1,400 in Estonia (2018). L2 users: 128,000 (2018 Eurostat).
5 (Developing)
Romani, Baltic
[rml]
5* (Developing). 360 in Estonia (2013 census). Ethnic population: 460 (2011 census).
Estonian Sign Language
[eso]
5 (Developing). Recognized language (2011, No. RT1, 18.03.2011, 1, Language Act, Article 3(2)). 1,500 (Paales 2011). 1,500 signers (2014 Estonian Deaf Association), approximately 0.1% of the total population. Other estimates: 4,500 sign language users out of 1,600 deaf and 20,000 hearing impaired, 2,000 persons need regular help from interpreters (1998 U. Sutrop); 6,300 (2014 IMB).
6a (Vigorous)
Russian Sign Language
[rsl]
6a* (Vigorous).
6b (Threatened)
Võro
[vro]
6b (Threatened). 87,000 in Estonia (2013 UNSD). Seto speakers: 12,500 (2011 census). Total users in all countries: 87,210.
Unestablished
Belarusian
[bel]
Unestablished. 1,660 in Estonia (2013 UNSD). Ethnic population: 12,400 (2011 census).
Latvian, Standard
[lvs]
Unestablished. 1,000 in Estonia (2013 UNSD). Ethnic population: 1,720 (2011 census).
Ukrainian
[ukr]
Unestablished. 8,010 in Estonia (2013 UNSD). Ethnic population: 22,300 (2011 census).
