Bugawac

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A language of Papua New Guinea

ISO 639-3
buk
Alternate Names
Bukaua, Bukawa, Bukawac, Kawa, Kawac, Yom Gawac
Autonym
Bugawac
User Population

12,000 (2011 W. Eckermann). 4,800 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 12,500.

Location

Morobe province: Huon gulf coast. Central-Western dialect: Buhalu, Cape Arkona, Hec, Tikeleng, Wideru villages; Eastern dialect: Bukawasip, Ulugidu; South Western dialect: Asini, Busamang; Western dialect: Lae city villages.

Language Maps
Language Status

5 (Developing).

Classification
Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Western Oceanic, North New Guinea, Huon Gulf, North
Dialects

Eastern Bugawac, Central-Eastern Bugawac, Central Bugawac, Central-Western Bugawac, Western Bugawac, South-Western Bugawac. Reportedly similar to Yabem [jae].

Typology

Tonal.

Language Use

Vigorous. Yabem [jae] decreasingly used in religious services, being replaced by Bugawac or Tok Pisin [tpi]. Home, community. Used by all. Most also use Tok Pisin [tpi]. Also use Yabem [jae], decreasingly. Used as L2 by Aribwatsa [laz].

Language Development

Literacy rate in L1: 80%. Literacy rate in L2: 80% in Tok Pisin [tpi], 15%–25% in Yabem [jae]. Grammar. NT: 2001.

Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Bugawac
Writing

Latin script [Latn], used since 2000.