Kumiai

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A language of Mexico

Baja California state: Cañon de los Encinos, Ja’áa, La Huerta de los Indios, Rancho Nejí, San Antonio Nécua, and San José de la Zorra; mountains southeast of Tecate, 60 km east of Ensenada.

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United States

Language NameKumiai

User Population

150 in United States (Golla 2007). 40–50 fluent speakers of Kumeyaay, 100 speakers of Tipai, a few elderly people speak Ipai (Golla 2007).

Location

California: east of San Diego and some in Imperial Valley.

Alternate Names

Campo, Diegueño, Digueño, Kamia, Kumeyaay, Mesa Grande Diegueño, Tipai’

Dialects

Ipai, Tipai (Jamul Tiipay), Kumeyaay.

Language Status

8a (Moribund). Language of registered tribe: Campo Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Campo Indian Reservation, Capitan Grande Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of California, Ewiiaapaayp Band of Kumeyaay Indians, Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel, Inaja Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Inaja and Cosmit Reservation, Jamul Indian Village of California, La Posta Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the La Posta Indian Reservation, Manzanita Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Manzanita Reservation, Mesa Grande Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Mesa Grande Reservation, San Pasqual Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of California, Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation.

Language Use

Most shifted to English [eng].

Language Development

Several Diegueno groups have begun language classes (Golla 2007).

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Kumiai

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A language of Mexico

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