Sea Island English Creole

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A language of United States

ISO 639-3
gul
Autonym
Geechee, Gullah
User Population

390 (2015 census). Ethnic population: 250,000.

Location

Georgia: Sea Islands off coast; Michigan: Detroit; New York: New York City; North Carolina: Jacksonville coastal region; South Carolina: coastal lowlands to Jacksonville, Florida.

Language Maps
Language Status

6b* (Threatened).

Classification
Creole, English based, Atlantic, Eastern, Northern
Dialects

None known. Intelligibility with other English-based creoles is undetermined. Reportedly similar to Bahamas English Creole [bah]. Lexical similarity: 90% with Afro-Seminole [afs].

Language Use

Many also use English [eng].

Language Development

Literacy rate in L1: 1%–5%. Literacy rate in L2: 75%–100%. Government bilingual education program begun. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 2005.

Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Sea Island English Creole
Writing

Latin script [Latn].

Other Comments

Linguistic influences from Fula [fub], Mende [men], upper Guinea coast, and Gambia River area (Hancock 1987).