Muna

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A language of Indonesia

ISO 639-3
mnb
Autonym
Wuna
User Population

266,000 (2010 census), decreasing.

Location

Southeast Sulawesi province: Buton regency, Kendari city; Central Buton, Muna, West-Muna, and South Buton regencies.

Language Maps
Language Status

6b (Threatened).

Classification
Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Celebic, Eastern, Southeastern, Muna-Buton, Nuclear Muna-Buton, Munan, Munic, Western
Dialects

Standard Muna (Northern Muna), Tiworo (Eastern Muna), Gu, Lakudo, Mawasangka, Kadatua, Siompu, Katobengke, Burukene, Laompo, Kapontori. Subvarieties of standard Muna are: Tungkuno, Kabawo, Lawa, Katobu, Tobea Besar; of Gulamas are: Gu, Mawasangka, Lakudo, Wale-Ale, Lawama, Kadatua, Lowu-Lowu, Kalia-Lia, Katobengke, Topa, Salaa, Lawela, Laompo, and Burukene. Lexical similarity: 71% with Pancana [pnp], 62% with Cia-Cia [cia], 52% with Wolio [wlo], 50% with Lasalimu [llm], 47% with Tukang Besi [khc] or [bhq], 45% with Kamaru [kgx].

Typology

SVO (transitive) and VS (intransitive); prepositions; noun initial, except numerals and quantifiers; classifiers; verb affixes mark person and number; causative prefix; 25 consonants and 5 vowels; stress on the penultimate syllable; inclusive/exclusive pronouns.

Language Use

Mixed in all domains. Some young people, all adults. Positive attitudes. Most also use Indonesian [ind]. Some also use Tolaki [lbw]. Some also use Wolio [wlo]. A few also use Bugis [bug]. A few also use Wawonii [wow]. Used as L2 by Liabuku [lix], Pancana [pnp], Taloki [tlk], Wolio [wlo].

Language Development

Taught as subject in primary schools. Literature. Radio. Dictionary. Grammar. Texts. NT: 2004.

Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Muna
Writing

Latin script [Latn].

Other Comments

Muslim.