!Xóõ

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A language of Botswana

ISO 639-3
nmn
Alternate Names
!Khong, !Xo, !Xo’o~, East Taa, N/amani, Ngǀamani, Taa, Tsasi
User Population

2,000 in Botswana (2011 C. Naumann). Total users in all countries: 2,500.

Location

Ghanzi district: south; Kgalagadi district: north; Kweneng and Southern districts: west.

Language Maps
Language Status

6b* (Threatened).

Classification
Tuu, Taa
Dialects

Kakia (Masarwa), Ngǀuǁen (Ngǀuǀei, Nuǁen, ǀNuǁen, ǀUǁen, ǁUǁen), Nusan (Ng|usan, Noosan, Nu-San), !Kwi, ǂHoan (Western ǂHoan).

Typology

SVO; prepositions; genitives, adjectives, numerals, relatives after noun heads; question word initial; 2 prefixes, 3 suffixes; word order distinguishes subjects, objects, indirect objects; verb affixes mark number, gender of subject and object, and is obligatory; passives; reduplication on periphrastics for causatives; periphrastic comparatives; CV, CVV, CVCV; tonal.

Language Use

Also use ǀGwi [gwj]. Also use Herero [her]. Also use Kgalagadi [xkv]. Also use Naro [nhr]. Also use Setswana [tsn]. Second languages used by people older than 10 who have been to school or have lived with speakers of the other languages.

Language Development

Dictionary. Grammar.

Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about !Xóõ
Writing

Unwritten [Qaax].

Other Comments

Nuǁen dialect is extinct. ‡Hua (ǂHoan) [huc] is different from ǂHoan dialect (Western ǂHoan). Traditional religion, Christian.

Also spoken in:

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