Tenharim

Print

Primary tabs

A language of Brazil

ISO 639-3
pah
Alternate Names
Kagwahiv, Kagwahiwa, Kawaib, Tenharem, Tenharin
Autonym
Kagwahiva
User Population

360 (Crevels 2012). 1 Diahói, 10 Parintintin, and 350 Tenharim (Crevels 2012). Ethnic population: 1,070 (Crevels 2012). 90 Diahói, 280 Parintintin, and 700 Tenharim (Crevels 2012).

Location

Amazonas and Mato Grosso states. 2 villages.

Language Maps
Language Status

6b* (Threatened).

Classification
Tupian, Tupí-Guaraní, Kawahib, Parintintin
Dialects

Tenharim (Tenharem, Tenharin), Parintintín, Kagwahiv (Kawaib), Karipuna Jaci Paraná, Mialát, Diahói (Diahkoi, Diarroi, Djahui, Giahoi, Jahui, Jahói, Jiahui). Tenharim, Amundava [adw], Kayabi [kyz], Júma [jua], Karipuna [kuq], Uru-eu-wau-wau [urz], and Morerebi [xmo] are all reportedly linguistically very similar.

Typology

SVO; 14 consonants and 12 vowels (6 oral, 6 nasal).

Language Use

The language has almost disappeared on the Igarapé Preto and Sepoti rivers. On the Marmelos River it is still used within the group (Crevels 2007). All also use Portuguese [por] (Crevels 2007). Used as L2 by Karipuna [kuq].

Language Development

Literacy rate in L1: 10%–30%. Literacy rate in L2: 15%–25%. Dictionary. NT: 1996.

Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Tenharim
Writing

Latin script [Latn].

Other Comments

The Tenharim, Amundava [adw], Kayabi [kyz], Júma [jua], and Karipuná [kuq] all use the ethnic autonym Kagwahiva (Kagwahibm, Kagwahiv, Kawahip, Kavahiva, Kawaib, Kagwahiph). Diahói are on Rio Marmelos; Karipuna in Rondônia on Jaci Paraná River Post; Morerebi on Rio Preto and Marmelos.