Aromanian

A language of Macedonia

Armina, Armini, Aromunian, Arumanian, Arumenian, Macedo Romanian, Macedo-Rumanian, Vlach, Vlav

Armani

18,200 in North Macedonia (Leclerc 2018b). Total users in all countries: 210,000.

Bitola, Ohrid, Prilep, Resen, and Struga municipalities: Gevgelija, Kocani-Vinica, Krusevo, Kumanovo, Skopje, Stip, and Sveti Nikole; north of Ohrid and Presba lakes.

Language Maps

Greece

Serbia

Albania, Macedonia and Montenegro

Bulgaria

Language Status

4 (Educational).

Classification

Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Eastern

Dialects

Many linguists consider Aromanian to be a dialect of Romanian [ron] (2020 O. Ciobanu).

Language Development

Taught in primary schools as subject. Newspapers. Radio. TV. Dictionary. Bible portions: 1889–2014.

Language Resources

OLAC resources in and about Aromanian

Writing

Greek script [Grek]. Latin script [Latn], primary usage.

Also spoken in:

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Albania

Language NameAromanian

User Population

50,000 in Albania (2018 N. Balamaci).

Location

Fier County: Mbrostar commune; Gjirokastër and Korçë counties: far southeast; Tiranë area.

Alternate Names

Armani, Armina, Armini, Aromunian, Arumanian, Arumanisht, Arumenian, Arumun, Macedo Romanian, Macedo-Rumanian, Vlach

Dialects

Many linguists consider Aromanian to be a dialect of Romanian [ron] (2020 O. Ciobanu).

Language Status

6b* (Threatened).

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Bulgaria

Language NameAromanian

User Population

9,800 in Bulgaria (2016 J. Leclerc).

Location

Blagoevgrad and Kyustendil provinces; Pazardzhit province: Peshtera, Rakitovo, and Velingrad municipalities.

Alternate Names

Armani, Armina, Armini, Arumanian, Macedo, Macedo-Rumanian, Romanian

Dialects

Many linguists consider Aromanian to be a dialect of Romanian [ron] (2020 O. Ciobanu).

Language Status

6a* (Vigorous). De facto language of provincial identity in Blagoevgrad, Kyustendil, Pazardzhik, Plovdiv, Sofia, Sofia Capital, Stanamaka, Stara Zagora, Veliko Tarnovo and Vidin provinces.

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Refers to those whose relatives emigrated from Macedonia (North Macedonia) and northern Greece between 1850 and 1914. Romanian Cultural Institute was closed in 1948.

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Greece

Language NameAromanian

User Population

50,000 in Greece (Salminen 1999). Ethnic population: 700,000 (Association of French Aromanians).

Location

Central Macedonia: Pella area, southeast of Lake Vegoritis and into Imathia, Kastoria into Florina and Kozani; Epirus region: western Ioannina; Thessaly region: Trikala southwest corner; Western Macedonia: Grevena.

Alternate Names

Armani, Armina, Armini, Arumanian, Arumenian, Macedo Romanian, Macedo-Rumanian, Vlach

Dialects

Many linguists consider Aromanian to be a dialect of Romanian [ron] (2020 O. Ciobanu). Many dialects.

Language Status

8a (Moribund).

Language Use

Rapid assimilation to Greek culture; children attend Greek schools. 20% live traditionally. No legal status in Greece. Not taught in school except for one course at the University of Salonica. Some revival of the culture in progress since the 1980s. Older adults only. People over 50 are fluent, many between 25 to 50 are passive speakers with limited knowledge of vocabulary and grammar. Known by some youth. Shifted to Greek [ell].

Other Comments

Christian.

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Romania

Language NameAromanian

User Population

50,000 in Romania (2018 N. Balamaci).

Location

Constanta and Tulcea counties; Dobrudja region; major cities like Bucharest.

Alternate Names

Armani, Macedo Romanian

Dialects

Many linguists consider Aromanian to be a dialect of Romanian [ron] (2020 O. Ciobanu).

Language Status

5* (Dispersed). Recognized language (2007, National Minority Status Law, Article 3(2)).

Language Use

Educational structure being set up to teach in Aromanian.

Other Comments

Non-indigenous. Officially related to Romanians rather than classified as a minority.

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Serbia

Language NameAromanian

User Population

32,000 in Serbia (Leclerc 2020c).

Location

Bor, Braničevo, Pomoravlje, and Zaječar districts.

Alternate Names

Armani, Macedo Romania

Dialects

Many linguists consider Aromanian to be a dialect of Romanian [ron] (2020 O. Ciobanu).

Language Status

6a* (Vigorous).

Other Comments

Non-indigenous.

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Aromanian

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A language of Macedonia

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