Bolinao

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A language of Philippines

ISO 639-3
smk
Alternate Names
Bino-Bolinao, Binubolinao, Binubulinao, Boliano, Bolinao Sambal, Bolinao Zambal, Bulinaw, Sambal Bolinao
Autonym
Binobolinao
User Population

56,200, all users. L1 users: 51,200 (2007 census), decreasing. L2 users: 5,000. 510 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 104,000 (2007).

Location

Ilocos region: west Pangasinan province, Anda and Bolinao municipalities.

Language Maps
Language Status

6b (Threatened).

Classification
Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central Luzon, Sambalic
Typology

VSO; verb affixation indicates relationships of constituents and directions; gender not marked. Initial content question word; no obligatory yes-no question marker; rhetorical or emotional question word, verb phrase medially; 14 unique consonants and 4 vowels in the non-borrowed words.

Language Use

Some of all ages, especially in the islands. Positive attitudes. Also use English [eng], acquired in school. Also use Filipino [fil], with some shifting, acquired through intermarriage and community relations and used at home, school, and in the community. Used as L2 by Cebuano [ceb], Ilocano [ilo].

Language Development

Literacy rate in L1: Over 90%. Literacy rate in L2: Over 90% in Filipino [fil], 40% in English [eng]. Literature. Dictionary. Texts. NT: 2012. Agency: Bolinao Historical Society.

Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Bolinao
Writing

Latin script [Latn].

Other Comments

Christian.