Wasco-Wishram

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A language of United States

ISO 639-3
wac
Alternate Names
Columbia Chinook, Upper Chinook, Wasco, Wishram
User Population

No known L1 speakers. The last fluent speaker, Gladys Thompson, died in 2012 (2012 K. Foden-Vencil). Ethnic population: 750 (1977 SIL).

Location

Oregon: north central; Washington: south central.

Language Status

9 (Dormant). Language of registered tribe: Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon.

Classification
Chinookan, Upper Chinookan
Dialects

Clackamas (Clackama), Kiksht, Multnomah, Kathlamet (Cathlamet).

Language Use

Kathlamet and Clackamas dialects were last spoken in the 1930s (Mithun 1999). All shifted to English [eng].

Language Development

Grammar. Texts. A revitalization project was started at Warm Springs in 1992, and it was still active as of 2012 (2012 R. Moore).

Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Wasco-Wishram
Writing

Unwritten [Qaax].