Malay, Manado

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A language of Indonesia

ISO 639-3
xmm
Alternate Names
Manadonese, Manadonese Malay, Minahasan Malay
Autonym
Bahasa Manado
User Population

3,320,000, all users. L1 users: 1,820,000 (2010 census), increasing. L2 users: 1,500,000 (2013 D. Mead).

Location

Gorontalo and North Sulawesi provinces.

Language Maps
Language Status

3 (Wider communication). Developed in 1658 under Dutch colonial period (trading and military posts). Important, growing lingua franca in much of Sulawesi. Spoken mostly (rarely written) in Manado, capital of North Sulawesi.

Classification
Creole, Malay based
Dialects

None known. Most similar to North Moluccan Malay [max]. Also similar to Sri Lankan Malay Creole [sci]. A member of macrolanguage Malay [msa].

Language Use

Home, Community, Work. Used by all. Neutral attitudes. Also use Indonesian [ind]. Used as L2 by Andio [bzb], Bantik [bnq], Bintauna [bne], Bolango [bld], Buol [blf], Gorontalo [gor], Kaidipang [kzp], Lolak [llq], Mongondow [mog], Pendau [ums], Ponosakan [pns], Ratahan [rth], Sangir [sxn], Talaud [tld], Tombulu [tom], Tondano [tdn], Tonsawang [tnw], Tonsea [txs], Tontemboan [tnt].

Language Development

Radio. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 2017.

Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Malay, Manado
Writing

Latin script [Latn].

Other Comments

Influences from Portuguese [por] and Ternate [tft]. Christian, Muslim.