Egypt
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Amharic
[amh] Users: 5,000 in Egypt (2000 J. Leclerc). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South, Ethiopian, South, Transversal, Amharic-Argobba.
Arabic, Algerian Saharan Spoken
[aao] Users: 30,000 in Egypt (2018). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Algerian Spoken
[arq] Scattered. Users: 1,810,000 in Egypt (2019). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Spoken
[avl] Al Bahr al Ahmar, Al Isma’iliyah, As Suways, and Bur Sa’id governorates: parts of Red Sea coast east bank, almost to south border; Janub Sina’, Shamal Sina’, and Sinai governorates: mainly Bedouin regions. Users: 1,100,000 in Egypt (2019). Total users in all countries: 2,430,300. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Levantine Bedawi Arabic, Levantine Bedawi Spoken Arabic. Autonym: بدوي (Badawi). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Egyptian Spoken
[arz] Widespread. Users: 67,000,000 in Egypt (2019). Total users in all countries: 74,826,320. Status: 3 (Wider communication). De facto national working language. Alternate Names: Lower Egypt Arabic, Massry, Modern Egyptian Language, Normal Egyptian Arabic. Autonym: عامي (Ammi), مصري (Masri). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Gulf Spoken
[afb] Scattered. Users: 1,610,000 in Egypt (2019). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Moroccan Spoken
[ary] Scattered. Users: 1,710,000 in Egypt (2019). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, North Levantine Spoken
[apc] Users: 173,000 in Egypt (2018). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Sa’idi Spoken
[aec] Widespread: Al-Minya governorate and south to Sudan border; Red Sea area; Cairo area. Users: 24,100,000 (2019). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Saidi Arabic, Upper Egypt Arabic. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Standard
[arb] Widespread. Users: 65,500,000 in Egypt (2015 SIL), all users. Status: 1 (National). Statutory national language (2014, Constitution, Article 2). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Sudanese Spoken
[apd] Users: 1,810,000 in Egypt (2019). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Ta’izzi-Adeni Spoken
[acq] Users: 172,000 in Egypt (2018). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Western Egyptian Bedawi Spoken
[ayl] Al Buhayrah, Al Iskandariyah, and Matruh governorates; Al Fayyum, Al Minya, Al Qahirah, Al Wadi al Jadid, and Bani Suwayf governorates: western oases. Bedouin regions along Mediterranean coast, west to Libya border. Users: 402,000 in Egypt (2019). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Bedawi, Libyan Spoken Arabic, Maghrebi Arabic, Sulaimitian Arabic. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Armenian, Western
[hyw] Major cities. Users: 6,000 in Egypt (Zohry 2005). Status: 7 (Shifting). Classification: Indo-European, Armenian.
Bedawiyet
[bej] Al Bahr al Ahmar Governorate; north of Marsa al ’Alam south to administrative boundary on Red Sea east coast. Users: 77,000 in Egypt (1993). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Bedawi, Bedàwie, Beja, Bidhaawyeet, Tu Bdhaawi, Tubdhaawi. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, North.
Coptic
[cop] Scattered, used liturgically in Coptic Orthodox and Coptic Catholic churches. Users: No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: No ethnic community. Status: 9 (Second language only). Autonym: ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ (timetremənkʰēmi). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Egyptian.
Egyptian Sign Language
[esl] Scattered. Users: 500,000 (2021 DBS/DOOR/SIL). Estimated 300,000–600,000 deaf signers, assuming 0.3%–0.6% of the total population. Another estimate: 474,000 (2014 IMB). Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: ESL, Egypt Sign Language, LIM, Lughat al-Ishaara al-Masriya, Lughat al-‘Ishāra al-Maṣriyya. Classification: Sign language, Deaf community sign language.
English
[eng] Users: 35,119,000 in Egypt, all users. L1 users: 19,000 in Egypt (2020 Joshua Project), based on ethnicity. L2 users: 35,100,000 (Ramaswami et al 2012). Status: 4 (Educational). Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, English.
French
[fra] Users: 3,000,000 in Egypt (Beck et al 2018), L2 users. Status: 5* (Dispersed). Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian, Oïl, French.
Greek
[ell] Alexandria and Cairo. Users: A few elderly speakers in Cairo and Alexandria (2014). Status: 8b (Nearly extinct). Classification: Indo-European, Greek, Attic.
Mattokki
[xnz] Al Wadi al Jadid governorate: scattered in various cities; Aswan governorate: Lake Nasser northern tip, and near Kom Ombo, 50 km north of Aswan city. Users: 50,000 (2014), decreasing. Status: 7 (Shifting). Alternate Names: Kenuz, Kenuzi, Kenzi, Kunuz, Kunuz Nubian, Kunuzi. Autonym: Mattokki. Classification: Nilo-Saharan, Satellite-Core, Core, Eastern Sudanic, Northern (k languages), Nubian, Central.
Nobiin
[fia] Aswan governorate: Kom Ombo area; shares area with Mattokki [xnz]; scattered in cities. Users: 402,000 in Egypt (2019). Status: 7 (Shifting). Alternate Names: Fadicca, Fadicha, Fadija, Fedicca, Fedija, Fiadidja, Fiadidja-Mahas, Fiyadikkya, Mahas, Mahas-Fiadidja, Sukot. Classification: Nilo-Saharan, Satellite-Core, Core, Eastern Sudanic, Northern (k languages), Nubian, Northern.
Siwi
[siz] Matruh governorate: northwest desert, Siwa oasis; several isolated villages in Gara oasis. Users: 20,000 in Egypt (2013). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Oasis Berber, Sioua, Siwa, Zenati, ijlaan n siwaan. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Berber, Eastern, Siwa.
Turkish
[tur] Users: 43,000 in Egypt (2018). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Turkic, Southern, Turkish.