Greece

Greek

[ell] 1 (National). De facto national language. 10,700,000 in Greece (European Commission 2012). Total users in all countries: 13,288,970 (as L1: 13,230,470; as L2: 58,500).

2 (Provincial)

Turkish

[tur] 2 (Provincial). Statutory provincial language in Xanthi, 2 other eastern provinces (1923, Treaty of Lausanne). 40,000 in Greece, all users. L1 users: 9,700 in Greece (2014). L2 users: 30,300 (2014).

4 (Educational)

English

[eng] 4 (Educational). 5,535,400 in Greece, all users. L1 users: 15,400 in Greece (2011 census). L2 users: 5,520,000 (European Commission 2012).

French

[fra] 4 (Educational). 809,200 in Greece, all users. L1 users: 6,200 in Greece (Leclerc 2020a). L2 users: 803,000 (Beck et al 2018).

5 (Dispersed)

Albanian, Tosk

[als] 5* (Dispersed). 10,000 in Greece (2002).

Bulgarian

[bul] 5* (Dispersed). 75,900 in Greece (2011 census), based on nationality.

German, Standard

[deu] 5* (Dispersed). 545,400 in Greece, all users. L1 users: 9,400 in Greece (Leclerc 2020a), based on ethnicity. L2 users: 536,000 (2018).

Romani, Vlax

[rmy] 5* (Dispersed). 1,000 in Greece.

Slavic

[mkd] 5* (Dispersed). Population for Slavic speakers in Greece is very difficult to find.

5 (Developing)

Armenian, Western

[hyw] 5* (Developing). 20,000 in Greece (2007).

Pontic

[pnt] 5* (Developing). 400,000 in Greece (2009 Z. Diakonikolaou). Total users in all countries: 778,000.

Greek Sign Language

[gss] 5 (Developing). Recognized language (2000, Law 2817, Official language of deaf community). 11,000 (2021 DBS/DOOR/SIL). Estimated 11,000 signing deaf, assuming 0.1% of total population. Other estimates: 5,000 (2019 EUD); 42,600 (Van Cleve 1986); 62,500 (2014 IMB).

6a (Vigorous)

Romani, Balkan

[rmn] 6a* (Vigorous). 40,000 in Greece (1996 B. Igla). 10,000 Arlija, 30,000 Greek Romani.

6b (Threatened)

Romanian, Megleno

[ruq] 6b (Threatened). 2,900 in Greece (Leclerc 2020a), based on ethnicity. Total users in all countries: 5,000.

7 (Shifting)

Judeo-Italian

[itk] 7 (Shifting). 50 in Greece (Salminen 2007).

8a (Moribund)

Albanian, Arvanitika

[aat] 8a (Moribund). 50,000 (Salminen 2007). Ethnic population: 150,000.

Aromanian

[rup] 8a (Moribund). 50,000 in Greece (Salminen 1999). Ethnic population: 700,000 (Association of French Aromanians).

Tsakonian

[tsd] 8a (Moribund). 1,500 (2010 M. Kisilier).

8b (Nearly extinct)

Cappadocian Greek

[cpg] 8b (Nearly extinct). 2,800 (2015 M. Janse).

Ladino

[lad] 8b (Nearly extinct). 12 in Greece (2017 John Kazaklis). Ethnic population: 1,000 (2018).

Romano-Greek

[rge] 8b (Nearly extinct). 30 (2000).

9 (Second language only)

Greek, Ancient

[grc] 9 (Second language only). No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: No ethnic community.

Unestablished

Arabic, Egyptian Spoken

[arz] Unestablished. 10,500 in Greece (2011 census), based on nationality.

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

[aii] Unestablished. 2,000 in Greece. Ethnic population: 9,000.

Bengali

[ben] Unestablished. 80,000 in Greece (2018), based on nationality.

Chinese, Mandarin

[cmn] Unestablished. 19,000 in Greece (Leclerc 2020a), based on ethnicity.

Dutch

[nld] Unestablished. 4,600 in Greece (Leclerc 2020a), based on ethnicity.

Georgian

[kat] Unestablished. 27,400 in Greece (2011 census), based on nationality.

Italian

[ita] Unestablished. 7,700 in Greece (Leclerc 2020a), based on ethnicity.

Kurdish, Northern

[kmr] Unestablished. 21,000 in Greece (Leclerc 2020a), based on ethnicity.

Polish

[pol] Unestablished. 14,100 in Greece (2011 census), based on nationality.

Romanian

[ron] Unestablished. 56,900 in Greece (2011 census), based on nationality.

Russian

[rus] Unestablished. 210,000 in Greece (Arefyev 2012), all users. L1 users: 85,000 (European Commission 2012).

Serbian

[srp] Unestablished. 3,900 in Greece (Leclerc 2020a), based on ethnicity.

Tagalog

[tgl] Unestablished. 9,800 in Greece (2011 census), based on nationality.

Ukrainian

[ukr] Unestablished. 17,000 in Greece (2011 census), based on nationality.

Greece

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