Iraq

Arabic, Standard

[arb] 1 (National). Statutory national language (2005, Constitution, Article 4(1)). 27,200,000 in Iraq (2015 SIL), all users.

Kurdish, Central

[ckb] 1 (National). Statutory national language (2005, Constitution, Article 4(1)). 4,700,000 in Iraq (2020). Total users in all countries: 5,266,050.

2 (Provincial)

Kurdish, Northern

[kmr] 2 (Provincial). Statutory national language (2005, Constitution, Article 4(1)). 4,040,000 in Iraq (2020).

3 (Wider communication)

Arabic, Mesopotamian Spoken

[acm] 3 (Wider communication). De facto national working language. 16,000,000 in Iraq (2020). Total users in all countries: 19,063,530.

4 (Educational)

English

[eng] 4 (Educational). 14,103,500 in Iraq, all users. L1 users: 3,500 in Iraq (2021 Joshua Project), based on ethnicity. L2 users: 14,100,000 (Ramaswami et al 2012).

5 (Dispersed)

Adyghe

[ady] 5* (Dispersed). 40,000 in Iraq (2020).

Azerbaijani, South

[azb] 5* (Dispersed). Recognized language (2005, Constitution, Article 4(1)), constitutional term: Turkmen. Unevenly recognized except in Kurdistan Region. 2,400,000 in Iraq (2020).

Persian, Iranian

[pes] 5* (Dispersed). 480,000 in Iraq (2020).

Turkmen

[tuk] 5* (Dispersed). 470,000 in Iraq (2020).

6a (Vigorous)

Arabic, Gulf Spoken

[afb] 6a* (Vigorous). 79,000 in Iraq (2020).

Arabic, Najdi Spoken

[ars] 6a* (Vigorous). 1,730,000 in Iraq (2020).

Arabic, North Mesopotamian Spoken

[ayp] 6a* (Vigorous). De facto language of provincial identity in Kurdistan Region. 8,900,000 in Iraq (2020). Total users in all countries: 10,252,460.

Kurdish, Southern

[sdh] 6a* (Vigorous).

6b (Threatened)

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

[aii] 6b* (Threatened). Recognized language (2005, Constitution, Article 4(1)), constitutional term: Syriac. Unevenly recognized except in Kurdistan Region. 179,000 in Iraq (2020). Ethnic population: 4,250,000 (1994). Total users in all countries: 594,050.

Koy Sanjaq Surat

[kqd] 6b* (Threatened). 800 (1995 H. Mutzafi).

Macho

[hac] 6b (Threatened). 120,000 in Iraq (Paul 2007). Population provisionally estimated to be one-third of the 300,000 speakers in Iran and Iraq (2007 L. Paul).

7 (Shifting)

Armenian, Western

[hyw] 7 (Shifting). Recognized language (2005, Constitution, Article 4(1)). 70,000 in Iraq (2020).

Bajelani

[bjm] 7 (Shifting). 69,400 (2020).

Chaldean Neo-Aramaic

[cld] 7 (Shifting). Recognized language (2005, Constitution, Article 4(1)), constitutional term: Syriac. Unevenly recognized except in Kurdistan Region. 85,800 in Iraq (2020). Total users in all countries: 232,480.

Sarli

[sdf] 7 (Shifting). Fewer than 20,000.

Shabak

[sdb] 7 (Shifting). 250,000 (2018).

8a (Moribund)

Arabic, Judeo-Iraqi

[yhd] 8a (Moribund). 120 in Iraq (1992 H. Mutzafi).

9 (Dormant)

Mandaic

[mid] 9 (Dormant). No known L1 speakers in Iraq. Ethnic population: 30,000.

9 (Second language only)

Mandaic, Classical

[myz] 9 (Second language only). No known L1 speakers in Iraq. Ethnic population: No ethnic community.

Unestablished

Arabic, Egyptian Spoken

[arz] Unestablished. 472,000 in Iraq (2020).

Arabic, North Levantine Spoken

[apc] Unestablished. 21,200 in Iraq (2020).

Chechen

[che] Unestablished. 12,000 in Iraq (2020).

Turkish

[tur] Unestablished. 3,200 in Iraq (2020).

Turoyo

[tru] Unestablished. 3,000 in Iraq (1992).

Urdu

[urd] Unestablished. 4,350 in Iraq (2020).

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