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Mongolia
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1 (National)
Mongolian, Halh
[khk]
1 (National). Statutory national language (1992, Constitution, Article 8(1)). 2,640,000 in Mongolia (2016). Includes 28,100 Dariganga, 23,700 Darkhat, 22,500 Khotogoit, and 3,430 Sartul. Based on ethnicity. Total users in all countries: 2,711,160.
3 (Wider communication)
Russian
[rus]
3 (Wider communication). 1,200,300 in Mongolia, all users. L1 users: 5,300 in Mongolia (2016). L2 users: 1,195,000 (Arefyev 2012).
5 (Dispersed)
Chinese, Mandarin
[cmn]
5* (Dispersed). 43,700 in Mongolia (2016). 11,300 ethnic Khoton speak a form of Mandarin Chinese [cmn].
Kazakh
[kaz]
5* (Dispersed). 120,000 in Mongolia (2016), based on ethnicity.
Tuvan
[tyv]
5* (Dispersed). 40,600 in Mongolia (2016).
5 (Developing)
Mongolian, Peripheral
[mvf]
5* (Developing).
6a (Vigorous)
Buriat, Mongolia
[bxm]
6a* (Vigorous). 42,500 (2016), decreasing.
Mongolian Sign Language
[msr]
6a (Vigorous). 16,000 (2021 DBS/DOOR/SIL). Estimated 9,000–20,000 deaf signers, based on 0.3%–0.6% of total population.
6b (Threatened)
Oirat
[xal]
6b* (Threatened). 221,000 in Mongolia (2016). 53,400 Bayit, 74,600 Durbet, 12,200 Khoton, 6,300 Myangad, 13,400 Olot, 15,000 Torguud, 26,100 Uriankhai, and 31,600 Zakhchin (2016, based on 2015 census).
7 (Shifting)
Daur
[dta]
7 (Shifting).
9 (Dormant)
Evenki
[evn]
9 (Dormant). No known L1 speakers in Mongolia.
Uyghur
[uig]
9 (Dormant). No known L1 speakers in Mongolia. Ethnic population: 12,000 (2015).
