New Zealand
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Afrikaans
[afr] Users: 27,400 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, Low Saxon-Low Franconian, Low Franconian.
Angloromani
[rme] Users: 1,300 in New Zealand (2012 J. Leclerc). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Mixed language, English-Romani.
Arabic, Egyptian Spoken
[arz] Users: 2,570 in New Zealand (2013). Total Arabic speakers in New Zealand: 10,700 (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, Mesopotamian Spoken
[acm] Users: 5,780 in New Zealand (2013). Total Arabic speakers in New Zealand: 10,700 (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Arabic, North Levantine Spoken
[apc] Users: 2,350 in New Zealand (2013). Total Arabic speakers in New Zealand: 10,700 (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic.
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
[aii] Users: 1,670 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, Aramaic, Eastern, Central, Northeastern.
Bengali
[ben] Users: 2,420 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Outer Languages, Eastern, Bengali-Assamese.
Burmese
[mya] Users: 1,710 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Ngwi-Burmese, Burmish, Southern.
Chinese, Mandarin
[cmn] Users: 52,300 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Chinese.
Chinese, Min Nan
[nan] Users: 6,190 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Chinese.
Chinese, Yue
[yue] Users: 44,600 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Chinese.
Czech
[ces] Users: 1,530 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, West, Czech-Slovak.
Danish
[dan] Users: 2,130 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, North, East Scandinavian, Danish-Swedish, Danish-Riksmal, Danish.
Dutch
[nld] Users: 24,000 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, Low Saxon-Low Franconian, Low Franconian.
English
[eng] Users: 3,970,000 in New Zealand, all users. L1 users: 3,820,000 in New Zealand (2013 census). L2 users: 150,000 (Crystal 2003a). Status: 1 (National). De facto national language. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, English.
Fijian
[fij] Users: 6,270 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, East Fijian.
French
[fra] Users: 49,100 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian, Oïl, French.
German, Standard
[deu] Users: 36,600 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, German, Middle German, East Middle German.
Greek
[ell] Users: 2,950 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Greek, Attic.
Gujarati
[guj] Users: 17,500 in New Zealand (2009 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Western, Gujarati.
Hebrew
[heb] Users: 1,350 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Canaanite.
Hindi
[hin] Users: 66,300 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Western Hindi, Hindustani.
Hindi, Fiji
[hif] Users: 1,670 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Eastern, East Central.
Hungarian
[hun] Users: 1,720 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Uralic.
Indonesian
[ind] Users: 4,880 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayo-Chamic, Malayic, Malay.
Irish
[gle] Users: 1,020 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Celtic, Insular, Goidelic.
Italian
[ita] Users: 8,210 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Italo-Dalmatian.
Japanese
[jpn] Users: 20,100 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Japonic.
Kannada
[kan] Users: 1,040 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Dravidian, Southern, Tamil-Kannada, Kannada.
Khmer
[khm] Users: 6,730 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Eastern Mon-Khmer, Khmer.
Kiribati
[gil] Users: 1,480 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Micronesian, Micronesian Proper, Ikiribati.
Korean
[kor] Users: 26,400 in New Zealand (2013 census). Ethnic population: 38,100 (2019). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Koreanic.
Lao
[lao] Users: 1,280 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Kra-Dai, Kam-Tai, Tai, Southwestern.
Malay
[zlm] Users: 6,780 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Alternate Names: Malaysian. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayo-Chamic, Malayic, Malay.
Malayalam
[mal] Users: 4,370 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Dravidian, Southern, Tamil-Kannada, Tamil-Kodagu, Tamil-Malayalam, Malayalam.
Maori
[mri] Far north, North Island, east coast. Users: 148,000 in New Zealand (2013 census). 100,000 understand but do not speak it (1995 Maori Language Commission); 30,000–50,000 adult speakers over 15 years old (1995). Ethnic population: 599,000 (2013 census). Total users in all countries: 159,700. Status: 6b (Threatened). Statutory language of national identity (1987, Maori Language Act, No. 176, Article 3), legal domains mostly. Alternate Names: New Zealand Maori, te reo. Autonym: te reo Māori. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear, East, Central, Tahitic.
Marathi
[mar] Users: 2,900 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Outer Languages, Southern.
Nepali
[npi] Users: 1,880 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Eastern, Eastern Pahari.
New Zealand Sign Language
[nzs] Scattered. Users: 3,250 (McKee and Manning 2019), decreasing. Estimated 2,500–4,000 deaf signers, less than 0.1% of total population. Other estimates: 20,200 (McKee and Manning 2015). Marked decline across all age groups since 2001 (McKee and Manning 2015, McKee and McKee 2016). Status: 6b (Threatened). Recognized language (2006, New Zealand Sign Language Act, No. 18, Article 6). Alternate Names: NZSL. Classification: Sign language, Deaf community sign language.
Niue
[niu] Users: 4,550 in New Zealand (2013 census). Ethnic population: 24,000 (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Alternate Names: Niuean. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Tongic.
Pashto, Northern
[pbu] Users: 1,270 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern, Southeastern, Pashto.
Persian, Iranian
[pes] Users: 5,060 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian.
Pitcairn-Norfolk
[pih] Scattered. Users: Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Norf’k, Pitcairn English. Classification: Creole, English based, Pacific.
Polish
[pol] Users: 2,620 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, West, Lechitic.
Portuguese
[por] Users: 5,620 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero-Romance, West Iberian, Portuguese-Galician.
Pukapuka
[pkp] Primarily in Auckland, smaller communities in Hastings, Christchurch, Palmerston North, Porirua, Shannon. Users: 1,500 in New Zealand (2016 M. Salisbury). Ethnic population: 3,000 (2016 M. Salisbury). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear, Samoic-Outlier, Pukapuka.
Punjabi, Eastern
[pan] Users: 19,800 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Western, Panjabi.
Rakahanga-Manihiki
[rkh] Users: 2,500 in New Zealand (1981). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear, East, Central, Tahitic.
Rarotongan
[rar] Users: 8,120 in New Zealand (2013 census). Ethnic population: 61,000 (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Alternate Names: Cook Islands Māori. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear, East, Central, Tahitic.
Romanian
[ron] Users: 1,950 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Eastern.
Russian
[rus] Users: 9,430 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, East.
Samoan
[smo] Users: 86,400 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear, Samoic-Outlier, Samoan.
Serbo-Croatian
[hbs] A macrolanguage. 5,350 in New Zealand (2013 census). Non-indigenous.
Sinhala
[sin] Users: 5,220 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Outer Languages, Southern, Sinhalese-Maldivian.
Somali
[som] Users: 1,330 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East, Somali.
Spanish
[spa] Users: 62,900 in New Zealand, all users. L1 users: 27,000 in New Zealand (2013 census). L2 users: 35,900 (Instituto Cervantes 2019). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero-Romance, West Iberian, Castilian.
Swahili
[swh] Users: 1,130 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid, Southern, Narrow Bantu, Central, G, Swahili (G.42).
Swedish
[swe] Users: 2,640 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, North, East Scandinavian, Danish-Swedish, Swedish.
Tagalog
[tgl] Users: 29,000 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Greater Central Philippine, Central Philippine, Tagalog.
Tamil
[tam] Users: 6,840 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Dravidian, Southern, Tamil-Kannada, Tamil-Kodagu, Tamil-Malayalam, Tamil.
Telugu
[tel] Users: 3,400 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Dravidian, South-Central, Telugu.
Thai
[tha] Users: 7,600 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Kra-Dai, Kam-Tai, Tai, Southwestern.
Tokelauan
[tkl] Users: 2,470 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear, Samoic-Outlier, Tokelauan.
Tongan
[ton] Users: 31,800 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Alternate Names: Faka Tonga. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Tongic.
Turkish
[tur] Users: 1,110 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Turkic, Southern, Turkish.
Tuvaluan
[tvl] Users: 2,350 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Central-Eastern Oceanic, Remote Oceanic, Central Pacific, East Fijian-Polynesian, Polynesian, Nuclear, Samoic-Outlier, Ellicean.
Urdu
[urd] Users: 5,050 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Western Hindi, Hindustani.
Vietnamese
[vie] Users: 5,380 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Viet-Muong, Vietnamese.
Welsh
[cym] Users: 1,040 in New Zealand (2013 census). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Celtic, Insular, Brythonic.