Singapore

Chinese, Mandarin

[cmn] 1 (National). Statutory national language (1963, Constitution (amended), Article 153A(1)). 2,840,000 in Singapore, all users. L1 users: 1,960,000 in Singapore (2016 census). L2 users: 880,000.

English

[eng] 1 (National). Statutory national working language (1963, Constitution (amended), Article 153A(1)). 2,355,000 in Singapore, all users. L1 users: 215,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc). L2 users: 2,140,000 (2019 World Factbook).

Malay, Standard

[zsm] 1 (National). Statutory national language (1963, Constitution, Article 153A(2)), not dominant despite status. Few L1 speakers. L2 speakers include ethnic Malays and some others, particularly the older generation.

Tamil

[tam] 1 (National). Statutory national working language (1963, Constitution (amended), Article 153A(1)). 186,000 in Singapore (2016 census).

3 (Wider communication)

Chinese, Min Nan

[nan] 3 (Wider communication). 625,000 in Singapore (2015 World Factbook). Includes 448,000 Hokkien and 177,000 Teochew. Ethnic population: 1,860,000 (2010 census). Includes 1,120,000 Hokkien, 562,000 Teochew, 178,000 Hainanese.

5 (Developing)

Chinese, Min Dong

[cdo] 5* (Developing). 56,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc). Ethnic population: 70,800 (2010 census).

Chinese, Pu-Xian

[cpx] 5* (Developing). 27,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc). Ethnic population: 25,600 (2010 census).

Malay

[zlm] 5* (Developing). 602,000 in Singapore (2016 census).

Singapore Sign Language

[sls] 5 (Developing). 6,000 (2021 DBS/DOOR/SIL). Estimated signing deaf, assuming 0.1% of total population. Very few monolinguals.

5 (Dispersed)

Chinese, Yue

[yue] 5* (Dispersed). 227,000 in Singapore (2015 World Factbook). Ethnic population: 409,000 (2010 census).

Gujarati

[guj] 5* (Dispersed). 4,120 in Singapore (2010 census).

Hindi

[hin] 5* (Dispersed). 50,000 in Singapore (2017 The Straits Times), all users. L1 users: 13,100 (2010 census).

Sindhi

[snd] 5* (Dispersed). 3,970 in Singapore (2010 census).

Telugu

[tel] 5* (Dispersed). 800 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc).

6b (Threatened)

Bengali

[ben] 6b* (Threatened). 150,000 in Singapore (2021 The Straits Times), based on nationality.

Chinese, Hakka

[hak] 6b* (Threatened). 233,000 in Singapore (2010 census).

Chinese, Min Bei

[mnp] 6b* (Threatened). 18,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc).

Malayalam

[mal] 6b* (Threatened). 26,300 in Singapore (2010 census).

Punjabi, Eastern

[pan] 6b* (Threatened). 5,670 in Singapore (2010 census). Ethnic population: 25,000 (2018 J. Leclerc).

Sinhala

[sin] 6b* (Threatened). 3,140 in Singapore (2010 census). Ethnic population: 16,000 (2018 J. Leclerc).

7 (Shifting)

Javanese

[jav] 7 (Shifting). 35,500 in Singapore (2004 J. Leclerc). Ethnic population: 88,600 (2010 census).

Madura

[mad] 7 (Shifting). 900 in Singapore (1985). Ethnic population: 28,000 (2018 J. Leclerc).

8a (Moribund)

Malay, Baba

[mbf] 8a (Moribund). 10,000 in Singapore (Pakir 1986). Ethnic population: 250,000 (1986). Total users in all countries: 12,000.

Orang Seletar

[ors] 8a (Moribund). 1,200 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc).

Unestablished

Arabic, Egyptian Spoken

[arz] Unestablished. 11,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc).

Bugis

[bug] Unestablished. 11,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc).

Indonesian

[ind] Unestablished. 118,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc).

Japanese

[jpn] Unestablished. 4,940 in Singapore (2010 census). Ethnic population: 39,000 (2018 J. Leclerc).

Kannada

[kan] Unestablished. 22,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc).

Korean

[kor] Unestablished. 21,400 in Singapore (2019 Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs), based on nationality.

Musi

[mui] Unestablished. 11,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc).

Tagalog

[tgl] Unestablished. 155,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc).

Thai

[tha] Unestablished. 5,650 in Singapore (2010 census). Ethnic population: 46,000 (2018 J. Leclerc).

Urdu

[urd] Unestablished. 3,000 in Singapore (2010 R. Jain).

Singapore

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