Turkmenistan

Turkmen

[tuk] 1 (National). Statutory national language (1992, Constitution, Article 13). 4,340,000 in Turkmenistan (2020 World Factbook). Ethnic population: 5,100,000 (2020). Total users in all countries: 6,656,060.

5 (Developing)

Aimaq

[aiq] 5* (Developing). 245,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Armenian, Western

[hyw] 5* (Developing). 84,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

5 (Dispersed)

Russian

[rus] 5* (Dispersed). 900,000 in Turkmenistan (Arefyev 2012), all users. L1 users: 724,000 (2020). Ethnic population: 241,000 (2020).

Uzbek, Northern

[uzn] 5* (Dispersed). 543,000 in Turkmenistan (2020). Ethnic population: 302,000 (2020).

6a (Vigorous)

Balochi, Western

[bgn] 6a* (Vigorous). 49,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Kurdish, Northern

[kmr] 6a* (Vigorous). 49,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Russian Sign Language

[rsl] 6a (Vigorous). 18,000 in Turkmenistan (2021 DBS/DOOR/SIL). Estimated 12,000–24,000 deaf signers, assuming 0.2%–0.4% of total population.

10 (Extinct)

Chagatai

[chg] 10 (Extinct). No known L1 speakers. The last speaker probably died in the 1600s (Boeschoten and Vandamme 1998).

Unestablished

Azerbaijani, North

[azj] Unestablished. 50,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Bashkort

[bak] Unestablished. 7,900 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Belarusian

[bel] Unestablished. 5,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019a), based on ethnicity.

Brahui

[brh] Unestablished. 1,200 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Chechen

[che] Unestablished. 1,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Chinese, Mandarin

[cmn] Unestablished. 2,900 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Chuvash

[chv] Unestablished. 3,500 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Crimean Tatar

[crh] Unestablished. 1,600 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Dargwa

[dar] Unestablished. 3,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Erzya

[myv] Unestablished. 3,900 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Georgian

[kat] Unestablished. 1,800 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

German, Standard

[deu] Unestablished. 1,900 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Karakalpak

[kaa] Unestablished. 5,600 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Kazakh

[kaz] Unestablished. 29,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Korean

[kor] Unestablished. 1,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Kyrgyz

[kir] Unestablished. 1,400 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Lak

[lbe] Unestablished. 4,400 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Lezgi

[lez] Unestablished. 18,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Ossetic

[oss] Unestablished. 3,800 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Pashto, Northern

[pbu] Unestablished. 9,900 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Pashto, Southern

[pbt] Unestablished. 1,500 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Persian, Iranian

[pes] Unestablished. 16,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Romanian

[ron] Unestablished. 3,200 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Tajik

[tgk] Unestablished. 10,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Tatar

[tat] Unestablished. 81,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Turkish

[tur] Unestablished. 53,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Ukrainian

[ukr] Unestablished. 22,000 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Uyghur

[uig] Unestablished. 2,300 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b), based on ethnicity.

Yiddish, Eastern

[ydd] Unestablished. 3,100 in Turkmenistan (2002 J. Leclerc).

Turkmenistan

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