Shan

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A language of Myanmar

ISO 639-3
shn
Alternate Names
Burmese Shan, Great Thai, Sam, Sha, Shan Bama, Shan Gyi, Tai, Tai Long, Tai Luang, Tai Shan, Tai Yai, Tai-Lon, Thai Yai, “Ngeo” (pej.), “Ngiao” (pej.), “Ngiaw” (pej.), “Ngio” (pej.), “Ngiow” (pej.)
Autonym
လိၵ်ႈတႆး‎ (Lik Tai)
User Population

4,590,000 in Myanmar (Leclerc 2017d). Total users in all countries: 4,685,000.

Location

Kachin state: Mansi and Mogaung townships, Bhamo, Mohnyin, west Momauk, and south Myitkyina; Kayah state: Loikaw; Mandalay region: assorted north border areas; Sagaing region: Homalin and Tamu townships; Shan state: north in Konkyan, Muse, and Nanhkan townships, to south in Hsihseng, Langko, Mawkwa, and Mongpan townships; southeast in Matman, Mongkhet, Monghpyak, Mongyang, and Mongyawng townships. Myanmar-Yunnan border, Mu’ang Mao Long and Namkham (Tai Mao dialect).

Language Maps
Language Status

3 (Wider communication).

Classification
Kra-Dai, Kam-Tai, Tai, Southwestern
Dialects

Tai Mao (Mao Shan, Tai Khe), Northern Shan State, Southern Shan State. Regional dialect differences. Low intelligibility of Lü [khb].

Language Use

Vigorous. All domains. Used by all. Positive attitudes. Also use Burmese [mya]. Used as L2 by Eastern Kayah [eky], Khün [kkh], Lahu [lhu], Lü [khb], Mok [mqt], Pa’o [blk], Parauk Wa [prk], Pyen [pyy], Riang Lai [yin], Riang Lang [ril], Ruching Palaung [pce], Rumai Palaung [rbb], Samtao [stu], Shwe Palaung [pll].

Language Development

Bible: 1892–2002.

Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Shan
Writing

Myanmar (Burmese) script [Mymr].

Other Comments

Tai Mao (Mao Shan, Tai Khe) is linguistically closer to Tai Nüa [tdd] but political and cultural factors lead them to identify with Shan. Buddhist.

Also spoken in:

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