Pakistan

English

[eng] 1 (National). Statutory national language (1973, Constitution, Article 251(2)). 104,016,300 in Pakistan, all users. L1 users: 16,300 in Pakistan (2018). L2 users: 104,000,000 (Ramaswami et al 2012).

Urdu

[urd] 1 (National). Statutory national language (1973, Constitution, Article 251(1)). 164,000,000 in Pakistan, all users. L1 users: 15,000,000 in Pakistan (2018 census). L2 users: 149,000,000 (2018). Total users in all countries: 231,295,440 (as L1: 70,249,640; as L2: 161,045,800).

2 (Provincial)

Sindhi

[snd] 2 (Provincial). De facto provincial language in Sindh. 31,000,000 in Pakistan (2017 census). Ethnic population: 26,000,000 (2014 World Factbook). Total users in all countries: 33,217,150.

3 (Wider communication)

Khowar

[khw] 3 (Wider communication). 351,000 in Pakistan (2018). Total users in all countries: 379,100.

5 (Developing)

Balochi, Eastern

[bgp] 5* (Developing). 2,930,000 in Pakistan (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 2,930,800.

Balochi, Southern

[bcc] 5* (Developing). 2,450,000 in Pakistan (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 3,555,700.

Balochi, Western

[bgn] 5* (Developing). 1,050,000 in Pakistan (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 2,264,350.

Balti

[bft] 5* (Developing). 425,000 in Pakistan (2018). Total users in all countries: 438,800.

Brahui

[brh] 5* (Developing). 2,640,000 in Pakistan (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 2,864,400.

Dhatki

[mki] 5* (Developing). 190,000 in Pakistan (2018). Total users in all countries: 206,400.

Gujari

[gju] 5* (Developing). 391,000 in Pakistan (2018).

Hindko, Southern

[hnd] 5* (Developing). 1,170,000 (2017 census).

Kohistani, Indus

[mvy] 5* (Developing). 200,000 (1992).

Koli, Kachi

[gjk] 5* (Developing). 130,000 in Pakistan (2018). 80,000–100,000 Kachi Koli, 5,000–6,000 Rabari, 10,000 Kachi Bhil, 50,000 Vagri, 10,000 Katai Meghwar, 1,000 Zalavaria Koli. Total users in all countries: 530,000.

Koli, Parkari

[kvx] 5* (Developing). 358,000 (2018).

Koli, Wadiyari

[kxp] 5* (Developing). 179,000 in Pakistan (2018).

Marwari

[mve] 5* (Developing). 164,000 (2018). 78,300 Northern Marwari and 85,600 Southern Marwari.

Pashto, Northern

[pbu] 5* (Developing). 24,300,000 in Pakistan (2017 census). Ethnic population: Possibly 49,600,000 Pashto in all countries. Total users in all countries: 30,172,800 (as L1: 28,812,800; as L2: 1,360,000).

Hindko, Northern

[hno] 5 (Developing). 3,570,000 (2017 census), increasing.

Pakistan Sign Language

[pks] 5 (Developing). 1,080,000 (2021 DBS/DOOR/SIL). Estimated 650,000–1,300,000 deaf signers, assuming 0.3%–0.6% of total population.

Palula

[phl] 5 (Developing). 14,400 (2018). Population of Ashret and Biori Valleys is almost completely monolingual (Liljegren 2008).

Punjabi, Western

[pnb] 5 (Developing). 65,000,000 in Pakistan (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 66,441,240.

Saraiki

[skr] 5 (Developing). 25,900,000 in Pakistan (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 26,219,000.

5 (Dispersed)

Dari

[prs] 5* (Dispersed). 284,000 in Pakistan (2018).

Gujarati

[guj] 5* (Dispersed).

Kashmiri

[kas] 5* (Dispersed). 361,000 in Pakistan (2017 census).

Pashto, Southern

[pbt] 5* (Dispersed). 5,960,000 in Pakistan (2017 census).

Punjabi, Eastern

[pan] 5 (Dispersed). 15,000,000 in Pakistan (2017 census).

6a (Vigorous)

Bagri

[bgq] 6a* (Vigorous). 306,000 in Pakistan (2018).

Bateri

[btv] 6a* (Vigorous). 39,000 in Pakistan (2018). Total users in all countries: 39,800.

Burushaski

[bsk] 6a* (Vigorous). 126,000 in Pakistan (2018), increasing. Total users in all countries: 126,300.

Dameli

[dml] 6a (Vigorous). 5,000 (Perder 2013), increasing.

Dehwari

[deh] 6a* (Vigorous). 19,000 (2018).

Gawar-Bati

[gwt] 6a* (Vigorous). 4,000 in Pakistan (2021).

Ghera

[ghr] 6a* (Vigorous). 10,000 (1998).

Goaria

[gig] 6a (Vigorous). 25,400 (2000).

Gurgula

[ggg] 6a* (Vigorous). 35,300 (2000).

Hazaragi

[haz] 6a* (Vigorous). 97,600 in Pakistan (2018).

Jadgali

[jdg] 6a* (Vigorous). 15,600 in Pakistan (2004 J. Leclerc). Total users in all countries: 25,600.

Jandavra

[jnd] 6a (Vigorous). 5,000 (1998).

Jogi

[jog] 6a (Vigorous). 50,000 (1996 R. Hoyle).

Kacchi

[kfr] 6a* (Vigorous). 50,000 in Pakistan (1998).

Kalasha

[kls] 6a* (Vigorous). 5,000 (Heegård Petersen 2006). 3,200 in Northern Kalasha area; unknown and decreasing number in Southern Kalasha area.

Kamviri

[xvi] 6a* (Vigorous). 2,000 in Pakistan (2004).

Kati

[bsh] 6a* (Vigorous). 7,800 in Pakistan (2018).

Khetrani

[xhe] 6a* (Vigorous). 20,000 (2018).

Lasi

[lss] 6a* (Vigorous). 14,300 (2018).

Loarki

[lrk] 6a (Vigorous). 20,000 (1998).

Oadki

[odk] 6a* (Vigorous). 76,100 in Pakistan (2018). Ethnic population: 250,000 (2017 A. Ranjha).

Pahari-Potwari

[phr] 6a* (Vigorous). 2,500,000 in Pakistan (Lothers and Lothers 2007). Total users in all countries: 3,541,900.

Pashto, Central

[pst] 6a* (Vigorous). 8,490,000 (2017 census).

Savi

[sdg] 6a (Vigorous). 4,000 in Pakistan (2021 FLI). Ethnic population: 4,000 (2021 FLI).

Shina

[scl] 6a (Vigorous). 688,000 in Pakistan (2018), increasing. Total users in all countries: 720,200.

Shina, Kohistani

[plk] 6a (Vigorous). 458,000 (2018), increasing.

Sindhi Bhil

[sbn] 6a* (Vigorous). 56,500 (2000).

Vaghri

[vgr] 6a* (Vigorous). 4,800 (2018).

Wakhi

[wbl] 6a (Vigorous). 14,200 in Pakistan (2018), increasing.

Waneci

[wne] 6a* (Vigorous). 141,000 (2018).

6b (Threatened)

Aer

[aeq] 6b (Threatened). 100 (1998). Women monolingual. Ethnic population: 330 Aer in Deh area.

Bhaya

[bhe] 6b (Threatened). 70 (1998).

Chilisso

[clh] 6b* (Threatened). 1,000 (1992 SIL). Ethnic population: 1,600.

Gawri

[gwc] 6b (Threatened). 96,400 (2018).

Gowro

[gwf] 6b (Threatened). 1,000 (2003 J. Baart), decreasing.

Kabutra

[kbu] 6b* (Threatened). 1,000 (1998).

Mankiyali

[nlm] 6b (Threatened). 500 (Anjum 2016).

Ormuri

[oru] 6b* (Threatened). 5,000 in Pakistan (2018), decreasing. Total users in all countries: 5,050.

Tamil

[tam] 6b (Threatened). 2,000 in Pakistan (2020 BBC).

Torwali

[trw] 6b (Threatened). 114,000 (2018). Ethnic population: 120,000 (2021 FLI), with an additional 10,000 more living and working abroad.

Ushojo

[ush] 6b (Threatened). 3,000 (2018).

Yadgha

[ydg] 6b (Threatened). 6,150 (2000).

7 (Shifting)

Kalkoti

[xka] 7 (Shifting). 6,600 (2018).

Memoni

[mby] 7 (Shifting).

Sansi

[ssi] 7 (Shifting). 20,000 in Pakistan (2018).

8a (Moribund)

Kundal Shahi

[shd] 8a (Moribund). 700 (Rehman and Baart 2005).

8b (Nearly extinct)

Domaaki

[dmk] 8b (Nearly extinct). 340 (Matthias 2011), decreasing. Concentrated mostly in one village (Van Driem 2007).

Sarikoli

[srh] 8b (Nearly extinct). 70 in Pakistan (Torwali 2021).

9 (Dormant)

Badeshi

[bdz] 9 (Dormant). No known L1 speakers. Last speakers survived into the 2000s. Ethnic population: 2,830 (2000).

Unestablished

Bengali

[ben] Unestablished. 326,000 in Pakistan (2018).

Chinese, Mandarin

[cmn] Unestablished. 10,000 in Pakistan (2018).

Konkani, Goan

[gom] Unestablished. 67,400 in Pakistan (2018).

Parsi

[prp] Unestablished. 20,000 in Pakistan (1999).

Persian, Iranian

[pes] Unestablished. 185,000 in Pakistan (2018).

Rohingya

[rhg] Unestablished. 350,000 in Pakistan (2017 The Arakan Project), based on nationality.

Turkish

[tur] Unestablished. 6,000 in Pakistan (2018).

Turkmen

[tuk] Unestablished. 10,900 in Pakistan (2016).

Uyghur

[uig] Unestablished. 10,000 in Pakistan (2018). A few families permanently settled in Pakistan.

Uzbek, Southern

[uzs] Unestablished. 1,630,000 in Pakistan (2018).

Pakistan

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